ABSTRACT
This study argue that mainstreaming as the government’s major approach for promoting gender equity in Cameroon is not put into practice despite sensitization in communications and expressions by international organizations about gender inequality. This could be via socio-cultural factors currently limiting the mechanisms existing in ministries to the extent that they cannot function effectively. Hence the educational gab between females and their male’s counterpart is still wide in many developing countries of which Cameroon is one. There are yet ways in which the implementation of gender mainstreaming might be encouraged. These have been found through a comprehensive analysis of gender mechanisms in one ministry as case study. Thus the justification of gender inequality in higher education distinguished between different aspects of education and should explain those contexts in which women have attained parity as well as those in which they continue to lag behind men. The fact that these exist at all is a facilitating factor for gender mainstreaming. However, the majority of mechanisms are struggling with the dual mandate of mainstreaming, which involves both a focus on improving gender awareness inside ministries, and applying gender analyses to ministerial policies, programmes and budgets. Ethnographic studies with both qualitative and quantitative methods are greatly exploited in this study. Besides focusing on girl’s education ensures economic security, improved living standards and more choices in careers will result to poverty eradication.

ABSTRACT
Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming the most common cause of chronic liver disease in the developing world, found in 17-30% of the population in Western countries and 2-4% worldwide, and has been recognized as a major health burden. The prevalence of NAFLD has grown proportionally with the rise in obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and unhealthy dietary pattern, and metabolic syndrome, hyperlipidemia. Currently, there is no drug therapy that can be formulated for treating NAFLD. A combination of dietary modifications and increased physical activity remains the main stay of NAFLD management. Thus, the results of this study may help to assess the association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and hyperlipidemia therefore we can prevent the progression and complication of disease through early detection and by the help of life style modification and pharmacological management. Aim: The present study aims to assess association of fatty liver disease in young healthy adults with hyperlipidemia. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted at a Tertiary Care Hospital, Kharian from December 2020 to March 2021. It included individuals with age range of 20-30 of either gender. In total 500 patients were screened for presence of fat liver disease and hyperlipidemia. Demographics for patients was noted and descriptive analysis was conducted by SPSS version17. Results: Total 500 participants were selected to perform this study. Their age was 20 to 31. 53% participants were male and 47% were female. Regarding the presence of hyperlipidemia 53% of the participants responded with yes and 46% of the participant responded with no. Regarding the presence of liver disease, 51% of the participants responded with yes and 49% of the participants responded with no. Conclusion: There is an association of hyperlipidemia and NFLD. There was diverse dyslipidemia in patients with NAFLD associated with hyperlipidemia, MetS dyslipidemia...

ABSTRACT
Based on the announcement of the President of the Republic of Indonesia regarding the transfer of the Capital City of the Republic of Indonesia from Jakarta to East Kalimantan and data on a bank with a sound predicate of PT BPD Kalimantan Timur dan Kalimantan Utara as a bank owned by the regional government of East Kalimantan which is planned to be the center of the capital city, it is ranked 8 (eight). This phenomenon is what prompted the research team to conduct a comparative analysis of the performance between PT BPD Kalimantan Timur dan Kalimantan Utara (BPD Kaltimtara) and Bank DKI before and after the announcement of the transfer of the capital city of the Republic of Indonesia, and a comparative analysis of the performance of local government owned banks PT BPD East Kalimantan and North Kalimantan between PT Bank DKI Jakarta period. 2017-2020. This study aims to analyze the comparison of the performance of the Bank between PT BPD East Kalimantan and North Kalimantan and PT Bank DKI Jakarta for the period 2016 to 2019 and before and after the announcement of the transfer of the capital city of the Republic of Indonesia. The method used in this study is RGEC (Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earning, Capital). The analytical tool used is the independent t test (paired sample t test). The results of this research are 1) There is no difference in the performance of BPD Kaltimtara before and after the announcement of the transfer of the capital city of the Republic of Indonesia 2). There is no difference in the performance of DKI Bank before and after the announcement of the transfer of the capital city of the Republic of Indonesia. 3). There is no difference in performance between BPD Kaltimtara and Bank DKI after the announcement of the transfer of the capital city of the Republic of Indonesia. 4). There is no difference in performance between BPD Kaltimtara and Bank DKI in the 2016 - 2019 period.

ABSTRACT
Selected patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital and some clinics within Rajshahi city, Bangladesh, were given balanced Anaesthesia as well as General Anaesthesia. The procedure will be thoroughly explained, and the findings will be presented. This research looks at patients who were admitted and operated on between July 1, 2019, and December 31, 2020. At that time, we conducted a prospective study of all of the patients who were operated on in the hospital. Case notes were gathered and analyzed. The demographics, specifics of the process, and short-term outcomes were all recoded into a database. A total of 82 patients underwent lumbar spine surgery. 34 patients underwent one-level lumbar spine decompression, 22 patients underwent two-level decompression, 06 patients underwent spinal tumor surgery, 14 patients underwent cauda equina syndrome (CES) due to spinal stenosis, and 06 patients underwent lumbar listhesis with fixation. There were no significant anesthetic or surgical complications in any of the patients after surgery. Minor problems including vomiting, hypotension, restlessness, and so on can occur and be treated. Lumbar spine surgery can be safely conducted under balanced Anaesthesia, as shown by the fact that post-operative analgesia was sustained for more than 4 hours after surgery. For patients undergoing lumbar decompression surgery, balanced Anaesthesia is a viable option with possible benefits. In our experience, patients accepted the operations well, and the short-term result was also satisfactory.

ABSTRACT
This paper is derived from a study that was funded by Kenyatta university Vice-Chancellor's Research Grant. It discusses the activities of organized criminal groups as well as the effects of those activities on security and peace in Nairobi. Nairobi County was chosen for the study because it has the highest number of organized criminal groups in the country. Such groups pose a serious challenge to Kenya Government for it negates the main objective of vision 2030 which is to achieve a secure environment for sustainable social, economic, and political development. The study used oral interviews, participant observation, and document analysis as methods of data collection. Findings of the study revealed that criminal groups were involved in several activities which made the streets, places of work or residence, public transport, and open-air markets unsafe. It was concluded that the Kenya Government must invest more in security so that Nairobi residents can live peacefully and carry out their businesses without fear of being attacked by criminals. From the findings and conclusions of the study, recommendations were made on how the problem of organized criminal groups in Nairobi can be minimized to ensure residents can live in a peaceful and secure county.

ABSTRACT
Introduction: The conversion from laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open cholecystectomy results in a significant change in out-come for the patient because of the higher rate of postoperative complications and the longer hospital stay in addition to the effect and the long-term sequel of the cause of conversion itself as in bile duct injury. Material and Methods: A prospective study was carried out in Department of Surgery, N.C Medical College and Hospital over a period of 1 year patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Full details of patients were recorded in the proforma. Out of 240 laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed during this duration 16 needed conversions. Result: Adhesions (85.7% versus 31.2%, P<0.001), bleeding (28.5% versus 8.7%, P<0.01), and stone spillage (28.5% versus 7.9%, p=0.04) were significantly more frequent in the conversion group. However, unclear anatomy, thick gall bladder wall, and bile spillage had no significant relationship with conversion of laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy. Conclusion: We found that a thickened gallbladder wall and a contracted gallbladder on ultrasound, male gender, age above 40, and acute cholecystitis were risk factors for conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open surgery.

ABSTRACT
This case report is of a 26 year old male patient who presented with unaesthetic appearing irregularly placed teeth in both maxillary and mandibular arch with a reverse overjet and overbite, non-coincident dental midlines, a non-consonant smile arc and Class III pattern both skeletally and dentally. This case was corrected non surgically merely by employing simple mechanics with the help of Fixed Orthodontic Mechanotherapy without extraction of premolars by expansion and proximal stripping of teeth. The case ended in a Class I Molar and canine relationship bilaterally. The case report emphasizes on the non-extraction protocol despite various problems the patient presented with such as reverse overjet and overbite and an unaesthetic smile. Following fixed orthodontic treatment, marked improvement in patient's smile was achieved and there was a remarkable increase in the patient's confidence and quality of life the profile changes and treatment results were demonstrated with proper case selection and good patient cooperation with fixed appliance therapy. The patient was extremely satisfied with the results at the end of treatment.

ABSTRACT
Background: Bangladesh is facing a high burden of breast cancer. Late presentation with advance stage is the common feature of breast cancer patient in Bangladesh, when it is extremely difficult to manage this deadly disease. It is easily understandable that the incidence and mortality of breast cancer is growing at a fast rate. But as we do not have any cancer registry along with relevant data it is difficult to say the exact situation in Bangladesh the rate of breast cancer occurrence is estimated to be 22.5 per 100000 females of all ages; In case of Bangladeshi women, aged between 15-44 years, breast cancer has the highest prevalence 19.3 per 100000 compared to any other type of cancer. However, this figure is far more less than the real figure, simply because very few cases is diagnosed and reported. Many patients die with unnoticed cancer. There may be many reasons behind this, but studies in many other countries show that poor or no knowledge, ignorance, lack of awareness and misbelieve is one of the leading causes of this fastest silent killer. Methods: This prospective quasi-experimental study was conducted in the Department of Surgery, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh from August 2014 to July 2019. Samples were collected in non-randomized basis with stage IB–IIIB breast cancer in female (n=1156) with the age group of 35-65 years and their mean age was 48.16 years. Diagnosis was performed with history, clinical examinations and investigations. Types of surgery were depending upon the TNM staging of the disease and the mean post-operative hospital stay was 4 days. The follow up time was 5 years and the mean follow up time 4.61 months. Outcomes variables are satisfaction (Surgical site pain, Post radiation scar pain, Local relapse of disease, Nodal metastasis, Distance metastasis and response to chemo-radiation), communications and the quality of life (Systemic therapy side effects, fatigue, sleep disturbance, and arm symptoms). .................

ABSTRACT
Human society has continuously been polarized based on gender and human relations have been founded on the precept of subjugation- of the female by the male. The handiest purpose for this principle winning the recognition of social sanction is definitely the intuition to dominate. There are various elements that have aided the subordination of women- leader of them being the silence and the silencing of them. Social conditioning begins from early formative years whilst women are talented with dolls home-kits and boys are given weapons to play battles. Stereo-types of women as nurturers and men as protectors are instilled as impressions inside the childhood to be consolidated very firmly into maturity. At the same time as the little boys are taught now not to cry even in private, precise little women are exhorted not to ask uncomfortable questions, anywhere, each time. The malady of silence is enforced on them when they are rewarded for being visible instead of for being heard. In additions, they are taught strict lessons in submission, sacrifice and self-abnegation that men comfortably approve of. The prevailing paper describes how the postcolonial women writers like Shashi Deshpande and Arundhati Roy address a neo-colonial society led by way of socio-cultural hegemony. It offers us the peep into how postcolonial has moved from the struggle against oppressive foreign culture to the struggle against native culture.

ABSTRACT
Class I malocclusion is one of the most common problems around the globe affecting around one-third of the patients who come for orthodontic treatment. This case report evaluates the management of bi-maxillary dento-alveolar protrusion in a female patient with a Class I malocclusion. The case required extraction of 1st premolars for correction of the proclined and forwardly placed upper and lower front teeth and also for correction of crowding in upper and lower front teeth. Clinical and cephalometric evaluation revealed skeletal Class I malocclusion with crowding and a convex facial profile, an average to horizontal growth pattern, potentially incompetent lips, a posteriorly divergent face, increased overjet and average overbite. Following fixed orthodontic treatment by removal of 1st premolars in the upper and lower arch with retraction of anterior segment, a marked improvement in patient's smile, facial profile and occlusion was achieved and there was a remarkable increase in the patient's confidence and quality of life. The profile changes and treatment results were demonstrated with proper case selection and good patient cooperation with fixed appliance therapy.