ABSTRACT
A key characteristic of Newton’s First Law of Motion is that it satisfies the Law of Causality. It is pointed out that the same arguments that are the basis for the conclusion that the speed and direction of an object will not change in the absence of some unbalanced external force can be equally well applied to all other physical properties. For example, it must be expected that a clock in motion will maintain the same constant rate indefinitely under these conditions. It is thus clear that two such (inertial) clocks must have a constant ratio Q, which means that the time difference of any two events measured with these clocks must satisfy an analogous proportionality relation, i.e. Δt’ = Δt/Q. The space-time mixing characteristic exhibited by the Lorentz transformation (LT) stands in contradiction to this proportionality, therefore demonstrating that the LT violates the Law of Causality. The experiments carried out with circumnavigating atomic clocks demonstrate that the same proportionality relationship for elapsed times is satisfied quite generally and is used to good effect in the operation of the Global Positioning System. A consequence of the elapsed-time proportionality is the absolute simultaneity of events occurring anywhere in the universe. Analogous proportional relationships, referred to as uniform scaling, exist for all physical properties. Hence, there exists a Corollary to the Law of Inertia for properties that is applicable on a completely general basis.

ABSTRACT
Medical species (Senecio L.) not only is key multilevel functional medicinal material of indications of respiratory tract infections, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, pneumonia, conjunctivitis, enteritis, dysentery, but also it is a widely distributed wide plant species. This plant species is widely distributed elevation from 500m to 1500m in forest landscapes and vegetation ecosystems in Shan County of China. However, understanding leaves dry biomass of this species is difficult along elevation. This work explained that the relation between leaves dry biomass of this species and elevation is a significant positive connection from 500m to 1000m (P<0.01) as well as the links between leaves dry biomass of this species and elevation is a significant negative connection from 1000m to 1500m (P<0.01). This study provides six ecosystem types and a series of areas ecological adaptation for finding new medicinal species. Therefore, this study has vital theoretical and practical significance for medicinal plant protection along different elevation and environmental gradient.

ABSTRACT
Adding of Locally prepared nano-silica [1] to concrete improves the mechanical properties and microstructure of SF concrete [2]. Nano-silica was added with different percentages to the SF concrete to study their effect on the durability properties. Seven mixes were prepared with constant cement content of 400 kg/m3 and additional percentage of silica fume 15% of cement content. Nano-silica and nano ferrite was used at 1-3% and 1-2% of the cement content, respectively. The water permeability, the resistance of the MgCl2 on concrete and the resistance of the electro-chemical of accelerate corrosion. It was found that all the mechanical properties, especially compressive strength of silica fume blended mixes was improved using either nano-silica or nano-ferrite as additional percentages. Also, these properties were improved with increasing the nano-silica or nano-ferrite percentages. The results showed that adding 2% nano-silica was considered the most economical percentage with high properties.

ABSTRACT
Natural gas is considered one of the most important sources of energy currently available in the world, and Some difficulties face the process of transporting gas through pipelines, including terrain and stages that occur during the transportation process, and this study was based on simulating the transfer of the produced gas from three wells that were linked Together with a steel pipe network of different lengths and diameters from 3 to 6 inches and a total length of about 3274 meters connected to the main transportation pipeline with a diameter of 6 inches and by observing the change in heat loss caused by the piping network. It was shown a decrease in the amount of heat lost from the pipes as a result of wrapping these pipes with a layer of Asphalt with a thickness of one millimeter to avoid the occurrence of corrosion of the outer surface and to prevent the formation of hydrates, and with the continued flow of gas in the steady-state through the network. It was shown through the results obtained from the PIPSYS program. The flow pattern was an annular mist of all pipes. The final pressure of the last production line was also calculated after adjusting the operating pressure of well A with the pressure of the last production line until it reached the desired values of 6895 kpa, 34.61°C and a flow rate of 1300 kg mol per hour, as well as a decrease in the maximum head pressure drop this part, was -9.6 kpa And, by making some adjustments to the fluid package, i.e. by testing three models of state equations in the gas phase and all results were close, as well as calculating the phase diagram of pressure, temperature, and the ability to form hydrates in the outlet conditions of the last part of the network.

ABSTRACT
This work aims to provide an alternative source of raising the temperature of water used in soaking cassava to a level that is normal for fermentation process to start and maintain it for the period of four days. Test was carried out to determine the effect of the environmental temperature on cassava fermentation process. Two set of tanks were used to soak the cassava, one was under control (temperature controlled water tank) and the other not controlled for a period of four and six days respectively. The maximum environmental temperature and process temperature for the controlled experiment was found to be 28oc and 34oc respectively while for the uncontrolled experiment, the maximum environmental and process temperature was found to be was found to be 28oc and 32oc respectively. The electrical parameters of the completed water tank was measured and it was found that the output voltage of the zener diode used to clean up the output of the voltage comparator was 5.2V instead of the rated 5.6, while the output of the set point temperature to voltage converter circuit was 8.34 volt instead of the calculated 8.39volts.

ABSTRACT
Chemicals and prepared liquid food are very useful and essential in the field of science. Virtually nothing could exist or be made and there is hardly any process that could be completed without the use of essential chemicals at one stage or another. The immensely vast uses of chemicals demanded that it should be transferred from one point to another (pumping). To achieve this end, a great number of pump types and designs are available for various industrial and domestic applications. Flexible hose pump, (peristaltic pump). Being one of the modern and widely used for pumping chemicals, pharmaceutical liquids, and liquid foods. This research work seeks to design and fabricate a flexible hose pump. The design considerations and material selections for various components were based on the fluid being chemical. The manufacturing and fabrication processes were selected such that local technicians using locally available materials and being cheaper can construct it.

ABSTRACT
Numerous failures and eventual losses in the oil and gas industry have been traced to corrosion processes. Failures resulting from the inability of metals to support designed load requirement because of losses imposed by corrosion effects and this can be combated economically through the use of chemical inhibitors despite the fact that synthetic inhibitors are effective, nonetheless they are associated with problems of toxicity disposal litigation and enormous cost. In order to protect the environment and reduce cost the use of green or natural inhibitors as substitute and partial replacement of chemical inhibitors have become a method of choice, however inhibitors are environment specific therefore necessitating for the need for deep research into metal-inhibitor-media combination that would produce the best result In this study natural inhibitor will be employed on mild steel and aluminum respectively in a hydrochloric environment. lasienthera africanum (LA) was adopted to be the natural inhibitor. For mild steel and aluminum specimen, these samples were sourced from chemical industries and workshops and were immersed in O.5M HCL solution in the absence and presence of varying inhibitor concentrations. For a period of 18 days. Weight Loss (WL) technique was adopted and WL data’s were recorded for every 2 days for 18 days. WL experiment was perfonned and corrosion rate was calculated, out of which the highest inhibition efficiency LA of O.6g was (94.93%) for mild steel and (99.56%) for aluminum O.6g concentration of LA performed best for mild steel and aluminum immersed in HCL respectively. Thus the control of corrosion induced wastage of infrastructure through the use of natural inhibitor system could be use to mimic the exact corrosion process rather than costly experimentation are major contributions of this work.