ABSTRACT
As a special practical writing, the translation of public signs also has certain skills and strategies. Under the background of globalization, English, as an international language, is widely used in various public places. In some public places in China, such as airports, subways, tourist attractions, etc., there are Chinese and English bilingual public signs everywhere. However, the English translation of some public signs is not standardized, which not only damages China’s international image, but also brings trouble to international friends coming to China. This paper analyzes the non-standard phenomenon and causes of the English translation of Chinese public signs, and provides some skills and strategies for the C-E translation, so as to better help the international friends in China know about China and provide convenience for their life and work.

ABSTRACT
Since the end of the cold war, irregular migration within and across the Horn of Africa region has been quite unprecedented. Especially, its association with smuggling and trafficking networks and its human tragedy have put the region in a precarious situation. Every year tens of thousands of young people flee the region in an irregular way, most times causing them to make risky journey across deserts and seas to far-flung regions. Dominant media and political discourse tend to identify extreme poverty as the responsible factor for the larger flow of irregular migrants from the region. However, such representation seems to be based on stereotypes rather than on empirical researches. It seems that, a deeper understanding of the root cause is missing from the public debate and political discourse. This paper examines the root cause of irregular migration in the region. In doing so, by following a critical approach it demystifies the notion that poverty is the root cause which really is a consequence. It may also provide possible policy recommendations. Four countries of the region, namely Eritrea, Djibouti, Ethiopia, and Somalia, which to a different extent are origin for irregular migration, are discussed in this paper.

ABSTRACT
Public universities in Kenya have experienced recurrent employees’ unrest which could be as a result of ineffective internal communication between the university and its employees. During crisis, effective internal communication is vital as it is the only way the organization and employees can dialogue and stop the crisis. Despite vast research on organizational internal communication, literature on employees’ perception on internal communication during unrest in Kenyan public universities during unrest is deficient. Data was collected by means of questionnaires and FGDs among 374 employees and 114 union officials respectively. The findings revealed that the employees felt that during unrest there are no sufficient internal communication channels, and opportunities within the organization to give suggestions. Moreover, the study ascertained that the organizations do not support two-way communication between employees and management during unrest. The other finding was that during unrest the information employees got from their organization was unreliable and untimely. Therefore, the employees are largely dissatisfied with the internal communication between them and the organizations they work for during unrest.

ABSTRACT
Completely edentulous patients wearing dentures for a longer period resulting in reduced stability of their mandibular complete dentures because of severe resorption of the lower edentulous ridge and altered neuromuscular control. Eventually, the Conventional complete denture therapy for patients with severe residual ridge resorption is challenging. The continuous ridge resorption smaller the denture bearing area that further reduces stability and retention of the denture. This article describes the neutral zone technique to reconstruct a lower complete denture for patients with severe ridge resorption and improves stability, comfort, and function for the patient with severe mandibular ridge resorption.

ABSTRACT
The role of cultural practices and knowledge plays in the transferring and preservation of cultural heritage cannot be over emphasized and there are veritable medium by which cultural heritage are transferred from one generation to the other. However, it has been observed that adults’ participation, preservation and conservation of cultural heritage has not really been effective. As a result of this observation, this study sought toexamine if adult education enhances adults’ participation in the preservation of cultural heritage and values, deduce whether adult education will influence the preservation of the cultural heritage and values of the people of Ondo State and investigate how the missing link of adult education can help adult participation in the preservation of cultural heritage and values specifically in Akoko North West Local Government Area as a case study. Three research questions guided the study. Descriptive research design of the survey type was adopted for the study. The population for this study consists all adults’ indigenes of Ikare, OkeAgbe, Arigidi, Irun and Ogbagi towns in Akoko North West Local Government Area in Ondo State. Sample of hundred and twenty five (125) adults were randomly selected from these towns in the local government for the study. Data collected were analyzed through the use of frequency counts and percentage. The findings revealed that adult education is capable of impacting knowledge and love for cultural heritage that would inspire adults to participate in preservation of their cultural heritage and to pass the knowledge to coming generations. Also, if learners are taught accurately in the right way that will make them fall in love with learning and also make them incur ways of preserving cultural heritage fast and easily they will be interested in learning more and putting in practice what they have learnt. Lastly, adult participation in adult education would open their eyes to the importance of cultural heritage, .....

ABSTRACT
The study of migratory movements allows us to understand the logic of development in Côte d'Ivoire, and indeed in West Africa. Until recently, this country was a host country for a large number of African nationals, with a view to acquiring a higher level of income than in their countries of origin. The use of foreign labour to develop agricultural land has been one of the keys to the Ivorian miracle. This migration policy promoted by the Ivorian authorities has encouraged the massive arrival of African nationals, boosting the country's economic growth. However, this migration policy has had negative consequences on the forest. The importance of the anthropic factor in the degradation of forest areas must be taken into account. The anthropic actions of the populations on the classified forest of Haut-Sassandra induce the degradation of the latter by the presence of numerous camps and vast agricultural plantations. In this article, we will examine the main causes affecting the classified forest of Haut Sassandra. We will discuss the serious danger that the loss of biodiversity represents for the ecological balance of the natural rural environment and the well-being of mankind by taking into account biodiversity in the conduct of human activities. Using a qualitative and quantitative approach, we mobilised documentary research, direct observation, individual interviews and questionnaire administration. The results obtained indicate that the anthropic activity of migrants negatively affects the classified forest of Haut Sassandra. Ultimately, anthropic activities have led to the development and aggravation of deforestation in this area.

ABSTRACT
Flooding is an uncertain phenomenon thus advance warning, evacuation and flood control are effective and sustainable methods of reducing the devastation caused by floods. Raising awareness and preparing the population in general to respond to natural disaster such as floods, should be a crucial task for the mass media. A report by Kenya Red Cross (2012) indicated that 5000 people suffer the effects of floods every year in Nyakach District in Kenya, and the damage is estimated at 49 million. The recurrence of floods seems to be an indicator of dearth of knowledge on the flood risk management in West Nyakach. This study focused on the vernacular radio programmes offered by two Dholuo Radio stations; Radio Ramogi & Radio Lake Victoria, these stations offer a forum for the listeners to call radio station directly and discuss issues related to various risk management. The study was guided by the Uses and Gratification Theory (Blumler and Katz 1974). 150 homesteads, two radio programmes managers and one area chief constituted the sample for the study. Data were collected using questionnaires and oral interview. The findings revealed that a majority of the respondents received information on evacuation through Dholuo radio programmes they listened to. The study also established the existence of floods emergency measures and Disaster Committee which help in handling emergencies and also liaises with radio stations during disasters. While examining Dholuo radio stations participation in evacuation process, the study revealed that radio stations under the study participated by relaying information through their programmes.