ABSTRACT
Bank Mandiri won the best Financial Services Super App at the CNBC Indonesia Awards 2021 during the covid 19 pandemic. This study is to determine whether there are differences in bank performance before and after the covid pandemic. The methodology used is the Wilcoxon difference test because the data are not normally distributed. The results of statistical analysis state that there is no difference in bank performance or health at Bank Mandiri between before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

ABSTRACT
This study aims to determine whether there are differences the performance of PT Bank Central asia Tbk before (2019) and after (2020) the covid 19 pandemic hit Indonesia. The method used is a non parametric of different test using the Wilcoxon test. The result is PT Bank Cetral Asia Tbk performance before and after covid 19 pandemic is no significant difference but not constant because had 5 (five) performance ratio had increase, there is Productive assets have problems with total productive assets, Return on Assets (ROA) , Return on Equity (ROE), Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), but 7 (seven) performance ratio decreased there is Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non-performing earning assets and non-earning assets to total earning assets and non-earning assets, Allowance for impairment losses (CKPN) of financial assets against productive assets, Non-Performing Loan gross, Non-Performing Loan net, Operating Expenses to Operating Income (BOPO), and Cost to Income Ratio (CIR).

ABSTRACT
This study aims to find the difference in stock price and trading volume around the ex-dividend date before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We used event study methods with 100 days estimation period and 11 days event period. The stock price is observed through abnormal return, and trading volume is observed through trading volume activity. The research population is the companies listed on the index IDX High Dividend 20 in the year 2021, and samples are 20 companies on the index with 85 cash dividend events. Normality test used Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, while hypotheses test used Paired T-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The study result shows a significant difference in stock price before, during, and after the ex-dividend date before the pandemic but not during the pandemic. The study also shows no significant difference in trading volume before, during, and after the ex-dividend date, whether before or during the pandemic.

ABSTRACT
Lawyers, Creditors, debt collectors, and debtors alike are uncertain about how to pursue the process of debt collection. This study attempts to navigate the many options open to parties internationally and domestically. The jurisdictions of local courts under municipal laws, conventions and case law have been re-examined and confirmed; to assist parties in the compass of their navigation of debt recovery. The role of arbitration has been examined in a milieu of protracted litigation, adversarial court processes and strained business relationahips and loss of financial resources. The objective of their paper is mainly to adivise judicial officers, lawyers, creditors, law students to save the time of the courts. As clarity has been provided, foreign direct investments would no lawyer be uncertain of what the courts will do to secure repayment of loans.

ABSTRACT
Movement of persons and goods from one place to another is understood as Transport. It helps in movement of people, merchandise and services from one places to another. It is an essential prerequisite for an economy to grow and develop with a right momentum. In the realm of public transport, Arunachal Pradesh State Transport Services had started its operation on 15th Dec, 1975 from Naharkatia to Khonsa in order to provide adequate, economical and well-coordinated transport services in the state. The study unveiled that, the liquidity position of APSTS is highly unsatisfactory from the point of view of its ability to satisfy the claims of short-term creditors. The current ratio and acid-test ratio in APSTS have been revealed to be very low throughout the study period, which indicates that, APSTS is making excessive use of sundry creditors as well as long-term borrowing capacity to finance its short-term requirements. With this background, the present study makes an attempt to examine the Current Assets and Current Liabilities of APSTS from 2009-10 to 2014-15. Further, it analyzes Current Ratio and Acid Test Ratio of APSTS from 2009-10 to 2014-15.

ABSTRACT
Public Distribution System was introduced in 14 January 1945 during the Second World War. It was introduced in the year way back in 1940s during Bengal famine in India. In the month of March 2020 nationwide lockdown was imposed to stop the spread of the deadly corona virus. Rationing of essential foods has become tantamount with lockdown due to the pandemic. At this time of lockdown curfew was imposed throughout the country. So, rationing of essential commodities through PDS was felt of paramount importance. The present study revealed that majority of the residents of Sonitpur district i.e. 63.5 percent of the total sample respondent have received information regarding distribution of food grains from friends and relatives. Further, 45.75 percent of total respondents have agreed that the FPS in their locality have provided good services. Likewise, 47 percent of total respondents have felt satisfied with the working hours of the FPS. Also, the study has unveiled that, 71.5 percent of the total respondents have used the food grains provided under the PDS for their own consumption. An attempt has been made in the paper to examine source of information about distribution of food grains during the lockdown; quality of good services supplied through PDS during the lockdown; uses of products provided by FPS during the lockdown and consumer satisfaction with the quality of food grains. Moreover, the paper endeavours to study assistance received from financially able person from the society during the lockdown in the study area.

ABSTRACT
Industrialization being an engine of growth in modern economies and the primary roles energy plays in driving industrialization, stability of oil prices has become a crucial factor with spatial and temporally implications for the performance of the Nigerian industrial subsector. In this regard, this study examined the symmetric and asymmetric effects (if any) of the oil price dynamic on the Nigerian industrial subsector using ARDL and NARDL frame works based on quarterly time series data spanning 1970Q1 to 2018Q4. The result of the short-run linear ARDL model reveals that oil price stimulates marginally the performance of the building and construction industry as well as aggregated industrial output but unfortunately dampened the performance of the manufacturing subsector. Similar to the short-run result, the long-run non-linear shows that oil price shocks (increase and decrease) have mixed and variegated effects on the industrial subsector and its constituents as confirmed by the probability values of the Wald’s test. The results show that increase in the price of oil dampened aggregate industrial output and manufacturing index with marginal increase in building and construction output. Conversely, a decrease in oil price stimulates industrial manufacturing, building and construction indexes in the long-run though short-lived compare to the negative effects that propagate for a longer period. In light of the empirical findings and the asymmetric nature of oil price shocks on Nigerian industrial subsector, Nigerian government and the industrialists should formulate appropriate trade policy and develop sound industrial policy management mechanism to effectively mitigate the negative effects of oil price shocks on Nigerian industrial subsector. These include inward looking industrial policy, establishment of light industries, promotion of small and medium scales enterprise, Small and Medium Industry Equity Investment Scheme (SMIEIS), National Integrated ..............