ABSTRACT
Background: The nasal cavity forms the upper aspect of the respiratory tract, divided into two by a nasal septum. The nasal septum provides support for the nasal cavity and is composed of a bony and cartilaginous parts. According to side, Nasal septal deviation (NSD) can be classified as right-sided, left-sided or S-shaped variants (Cellina, et al., 2020). Aim: To evaluate the nasal septal angle deviation amongst Nigerians. Materials and Method: This study was a descriptive cross sectional retrospective study conducted in the Radiology department of the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH), Nigeria between 2022-2024. The measurement of the nasal septal angle was done by measuring the angle between two lines. The first line runs from the maxillary crest (point A) to the junction point of the perpendicular and cribriform plate of ethmoid bone (point B). The second line was drawn to connect the junction point of the perpendicular and cribriform plate and the most prominent point of the deviated nasal septum (point C), Gisma et al., 2022. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0 and were represented in charts, frequencies and percentages. Results: In this study, males were observed to have more deviated nasal septum. This was similar to previous study done by Gisma, et al., 2022, Madani et al., 2022. This was in contrast to the results of Smith et al, (2010), who revealed that NSD was more prevalent in females. Furthermore, Bora et al., (2021), and Shrestha et al., (2019) found that there was no statistical difference between frequencies of septal deviation in both genders. Moreso, varying prevalence of NSD have been reported amongst different population, this may be due to dissimilarities in the criteria used to assess nasal septum deviation and also the population of study. Conclusion: Information as regards the presence of nasal septal deviation is very essential because it will help surgeons especially E.N.T surgeon carry out safe and effici

ABSTRACT
Background to the study: The common methods of processing carbohydrate based foods require exposure to high temperatures which often results in the formation of a toxicant called acrylamide. The aim of the present study is to determine the effect of black pepper on the oxidative stress markers of wistar rats exposed to acrylamide. Methodology: The study involved 20 male wistar rats separated into 4 groups of 5 rats each as follows; Group 1 served as control. Animals in groups 2, 3 and 4 respectively received a daily oral dose of 30mg/kg of Acrylamide (ACR) throughout the experiment. Group 2 remained untreated (ACR only). Animals in groups 3 and 4 received in addition, 50mg/kg/day of black pepper and 150mg/kg/day of vitamin E respectively. All treatments were given orally for 14 days and thereafter animals were sacrificed and blood samples collected to determine the concentrations of oxidative stress markers in the blood using standard methods. Results: Our results showed that daily oral administration of ACR caused significant reduction in the plasma concentrations of GSH, GPx and catalase but no significant changes in the SOD and MDA levels. However, concomitant administration of black pepper mitigated the ACR induced depletion of GPx and catalase in a similar fashion with vitamin E but caused no significant changes in the GSH, SOD and MDA. Conclusion: Conclusively, black pepper exerts its antioxidant effects on ACR induced toxicity by improving GPx and catalase levels but not GSH, SOD and MDA. Aside from GSH levels, the antioxidant potentials of black pepper in our study showed a similar pattern as vitamin E.

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Introduction: Gerontology defined by the Royal Spanish Academy as the science that deals with old age and the phenomena that characterize it. Likewise, knowledge of the sciences of aging has relevant importance in clinical application, specifically at the first level of health care Objective: Identify and reflect on the applications of gerontology as a science in the clinical setting Methodology: A systematic review of scientific literature on gerontology carried out, using scientific search engines: Latindex, Scielo, PubMed and Semantic Scholar. In this sense, two categories focused on for the systematic analysis of the information: 1) Gerontological conceptual approaches, and 2) Professional competencies in the clinical field. Results: Nine articles published between 2016 and 2023 reviewed. In this sense, the identified findings are conceptual approaches and intervention methods in the clinical setting Conclusions: Gerontology is a science with little scientific literature and sufficient research regarding clinical intervention in professional settings. Consequently, recommended to design and execute actions from Higher Education Institutions and public policy to highlight the importance of gerontology in society.

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Abstract: Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are frequently linked to the crippling condition known as oral mucositis (OM). It can seriously impair quality of life and possibly interfere with cancer treatment plans. It manifests as painful ulceration, erythema, and oedema. Microbiota dysbiosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory pathways are all intricate components of the pathophysiology of OM. Its severity is influenced by several risk factors, such as chemotherapy, radiation dosage, genetic predisposition, and oral hygiene. There is still no ideal gold-standard treatment for it, despite its high prevalence. Pharmacological interventions like cytoprotective agents, anti- inflammatory medications, growth factors, biological response modifiers, and antimicrobial agents are all part of the multimodal approach used in current management strategies. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT), cryotherapy, and dental hygiene practices are examples of non-pharmacological methods that have demonstrated promise in reducing symptoms and enhancing patient outcomes. Recent developments in OM pathophysiology and treatment approaches are compiled in this review, which highlights the importance of tailored, evidence-based treatment plans. To improve patient care and reduce OM-related morbidity, more research is necessary to create innovative, affordable, and widely recognized treatments.

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Persistent cytopenias, defined by a prolonged decrease in blood cells, are common clinical signs in various malignant hematological disorders, such as myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Diagnosis relies on a thorough evaluation, including biological tests, notably bone marrow analysis, and sometimes genetic and molecular tests. Treatment of these conditions includes azacitidine and venetoclax, whose combined effectiveness has shown promising results, although side effects such as neutropenia require careful management. This article presents a case of AML treated with this combination, with continuous evaluation of disease progression, genetic mutations, and treatment resistance.

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Multiple myeloma, a malignant hematologic disorder characterized by excessive monoclonal plasma cell proliferation in the bone marrow, is rare in individuals under 40, comprising less than 2% of cases. This report details a 27-year-old patient with left-sided lumbosciatica and clinical signs of lumbar and radicular syndrome at the S1 level. Imaging revealed multiple osteolytic lesions with perilesional sclerosis and abnormalities in the first sacral foramen. Biological findings included normochromic normocytic anemia, hypercalcemia, elevated sedimentation rate, monoclonal IgG Kappa, free Kappa light chains, hyperproteinemia, and hypoalbuminemia. A bone marrow biopsy confirmed 95% plasma cell infiltration. The patient underwent a VRD regimen and three cycles of D-VRD and is awaiting autologous stem cell transplantation. This case underscores the need to consider multiple myeloma in young patients, as failure to do so could delay critical diagnosis and treatment.

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Artificial intelligence (AI) stands at the forefront of modern scientific innovation. It has revolutionized our understanding of the world around us and its effects on Zoology also called as animal science have been profound. With continued advancements in AI technology, new opportunities to explore the unknown will continue to arise offering us unprecedented insight into this fascinating field. AI technology offers immense potential for animal scientists to improve their work. Automated tracking and predictive analytics allow data analysis on an unprecedented scale, enabling greater insight into complex biological systems than ever before. This can lead to improved animal welfare through better resource optimization, as well as more informed decision making in conservation efforts. AI also helps to reduce the workload of researchers by automating mundane tasks that would otherwise take a long time to complete. The good news is that it’s unlikely that AI will completely replace animal scientists any time soon; however, certain roles within the field may become automated by technology over time. So while it’s important to pay attention to advances in AI technology, it’s also possible to use them for advantage and secure the place in the workforce of tomorrow. Moreover, this technology continues to evolve, so too will its impact on our lives and careers.