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Prostate Cancer Study in Ghana: Life Time Risk & Mini Review of the disease

DOI : https://doi.org/10.36349/EASMS.2020.v03i07.005
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Objective: Prostate cancer is a very significant disease in the black community, yet underestimated! To assess the state of the disease in the Ghanaian community and working out the lifetime risk of the disease to provide the National road map for interventions. Method: Extensive literature review was conducted using search engines such as pubmed articles with the key word prostate cancer in Ghana from 2015-2019. The life time risk was also calculated based on statistics on prostate cancer available in literatures from 2015-2019. The number of men diagnosed with prostate cancer, their ages based on Ghana Health Service Report findings in 2015, Information on annual deaths from prostate cancer and men population (from the Population and Housing Census 2010(PHC) and projected 2.5 annual growth rate. Result: The author found out that, 4 out of every 10 male or 2 out of every 5 male Ghanaian Men will be diagnosed with Prostate Cancer at some points in their life. This is the life time risk of every Ghanaian male born from day one. This life time risk was solely centered on Ghanaian men, basing the figures on the 6-year single centre study at Brong-Ahafo Region to also represent the national outlook of the disease. Using the Brong Ahafo figure of 40.07% as national average brings 5,902,485 of the estimated current male population of 14,730,435 (based on the 2010 PHC male figure of 12,024,845 as adjusted by 2.5% annual growth rate) at risk of the disease. Conclusion: There has to be an urgent national discourse to address the gloomy picture of prostate cancer in Ghanaian men. The 4 out of every 10 male or 2 out of every 5 male life times risk also represents other studies calculated internationally in black men. However, this is the first study to focus on Ghanaian men in entirety.

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Dr. Afroza Begum

Lecturer, Dept. of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College & Hospital, Uttara, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh

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