At the end of this review, it emerges that food resilience has several scientific and institutional definitions. It is applied in several disciplines and contexts requiring better anticipation and management in the event of water pollution, drought, pandemics, economic crises, climate change, etc. Many tools and indicators make it possible to analyze food resilience: Assessments of Food Security in Emergency Situations, Measurement and Analysis of the Resilience Index, Analysis of Household Capacities and Vulnerabilities, Index of Survival Strategies and Vulnerability level,… Early Warning Systems help limit the loss of lives and livelihoods due to hazards and disasters. Some identify five key capacities of a food system: anticipation, prevention of the effects of expected shocks, ability to immediately cope with the effects of shocks, adaptation and the ability to transform the entire system. For others, it is the ability to assess, manage and control risks, identify problems, set priorities and take action. Depending on the context, American or European cities are developing food resilience measures by ensuring food security, developing new markets for local producers, promoting sustainable production methods, creating canteens, etc. In Africa, household food resilience strategies are multiple: changing their diet, increasing their food supplies, reducing the number of consumers or fasting if there is food shortage, diversification of agroeconomic activities, social food safety nets, etc. Gender and governance issues are essential to strengthen food resilience. In perspective, it is important to take systematic, cross-sectoral and large-scale actions to achieve sustainable and resilient food value chains.