EAS Publisher | Unraveling the Complexity: A Comprehensive Review of Parkinson’s Disease Pathophysiology

Unraveling the Complexity: A Comprehensive Review of Parkinson’s Disease Pathophysiology

DOI : https://doi.org/10.36349/easjpp.2024.v06i02.004

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Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurological disorder that affects 1-2.5% of people over the age of 50 and is typified by Tremors and bradykinesia as motor symptoms. Non-motor symptoms also have a major effect, including autonomic dysfunction and neuropsychiatric problems. Although the major reason is yet unknown, environmental and genetic variables have a role. Since there is no conclusive diagnostic test, the diagnosis is made based on clinical symptoms. The most consistent risk factor is age, with prodromal symptoms occurring before motor signs. The pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease is influenced by mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and defective protein processing. Levodopa serves as the cornerstone of treatment, which mostly consists of dopamine replacement. Developing neuroprotective PD treatments requires an understanding of the complex interactions between genetic, environmental, and mitochondrial variables.

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