Background: Evidence linking prenatal nutrition to early brain development has largely emphasized single nutrients, overlooking the synergistic nature of whole diets. Objective: To map maternal dietary patterns and diet quality proxies during pregnancy, including a-priori indices, data-driven patterns, and pattern plus nutrient interventions, and their associations with neonatal to early-childhood neurodevelopment, while considering timing and outcome domains. Methods: A scoping review guided by the Population-Concept-Context framework and the Preferred Reporting Items for Scoping Reviews searched three databases for peer-reviewed English studies (2018-2025). Two reviewers screened records, charted data with a piloted template, and constructed an evidence map across pattern family, timing (preconception; first, second, third trimester; cumulative), outcome class (neurophysiology, neuroimaging, clinical neurobehavioral, cognition and language, sleep), and age band. Results: Ten studies met criteria, mostly prospective cohorts with two analyses from a randomized controlled trial. Healthier patterns (Mediterranean, Healthy Eating Index, prudent) were associated with higher infant Ages and Stages Questionnaire and Bayley scores and with more mature neonatal white matter on magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging; Mediterranean counseling improved twenty-four-month Bayley scores. Western or highly processed profiles and greater ultra-processed intake related to poorer child neuropsychological performance. Signals were strongest when exposure was captured early and sustained. Evidence for electroencephalography and sleep was limited, and studies were concentrated in high-income settings. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate a correlation between a pattern-level prenatal diet and early neurodevelopment, thereby supporting the plant-forward, minimally processed approach as a guiding principle within antenatal care. Future research should harmonise