This study examines the temporal dynamics of psychological and socio-cultural adaptation among African graduate students in U.S. universities. Drawing from the mixed-methods framework of Adeyoyin and Adeyemo (2019), the research explores how emotional well-being and cultural competence evolve across defined time intervals of residence. Quantitative findings reveal that psychological adaptation follows a U-shaped trajectory, with life satisfaction declining between the ninth and twenty-fourth months before gradual recovery. In contrast, socio-cultural competence improves linearly with time and exposure. Qualitative insights highlight the vital role of informal communal networks, peer mentorship, shared meals, and cultural gatherings in mediating stress and promoting identity stability. The divergence between emotional and behavioral adaptation underscores the necessity for time-sensitive institutional interventions. The study concludes that turning culture shock into a cultural strategy requires universities to design culturally responsive, longitudinal support systems that reflect African students’ evolving needs and resilience. By situating adaptation within a temporal and cultural framework, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the lived experiences and strategic coping mechanisms of African students in U.S. higher education.