Depression among higher education students is a growing concern, impacting academic performance, social interactions, and overall well-being. This study explores the prevalence and effects of depression among students in higher education institutions in West Bengal. This study explored depression among higher education students from Undergraduate (UG) and Post Graduate (PG) students focusing on gender, habitat, family type, and income, using a survey of 198 students. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is used to collect data. Results indicated higher depression in females and urban students. The study reveals distinct patterns in depression levels across demographic variables. Female students exhibit higher rates of mild to severe depression compared to males, who predominantly report minimal depression. Rural students are more prone to moderate and severe depression, while urban students largely experience mild depression. Family structure shows differing effects: nuclear families are associated with higher mild depression, whereas joint families show more moderate depression. Income status also influences outcomes, with low-income groups reporting more mild depression, while medium- and high-income groups show greater minimal depression. Severe depression, however, remains relatively stable across income levels. Overall, gender, habitat, family type, and income significantly shape depression levels among students. These results emphasize the urgent need for mental health interventions and policy recommendations to support student well-being. The study contributes to the growing body of literature on student mental health in India and provides actionable insights for educators and policymakers.