Ovarian cysts are common gynecological conditions that affect women of reproductive age and vary widely in types, laterality, hormonal profile, and associated demographic factors. This study investigated the distribution(location), hormonal profile, and histological patterns of ovarian cysts among 414 female patients of reproductive age visiting secondary and primary hospitals in Ogoni ethnic groups and Port Harcourt city, as well as their association with age and ethnicity. Data were obtained through ultrasonographic and hormonal analyses, including serum levels of Follicle stimulating hormones (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol, progesterone, and prolactin, and analyzed using ANOVA and Chi-square tests. The majority of participants were aged 27–36 years, with cysts occurring more frequently in the right ovary (46.1%) than the left (35.7%), while 18.1% were bilateral. Ethnic group was significantly associated with cyst type (p < 0.001) but not with cyst location, and age group also showed a significant association with cyst type (p = 0.008). No significant variations were found in hormonal levels across cyst types or ethnic groups (p > 0.05). The relatively higher incidence of malignant cysts observed underscores the need for early detection, regular screening, and timely intervention to prevent complications and improve reproductive health outcomes.