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Epileptic Status Epilepticus in the Intensive Care Unit of the Dalal Jamm National Hospital: Socio-Demographic, Clinical, Therapeutic, and Outcome Aspects

DOI : https://doi.org/10.36349/easjacc.2026.v08i02.007
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EME is classically defined as a "fixed and lasting epileptic condition" and, more precisely, as continuous seizures or a succession of seizures without improvement in consciousness over a period of 30 minutes. The aim of this study was to assess the status epilepticus in the intensive care unit of CHNDJ. This was a single-center, observational, retrospective, descriptive, and analytical study. We included all patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit of the CHNDJ between January 1, 2022, and December 31, 2024, who presented with status epilepticus. Clinical and paraclinical data were collected. The prevalence was 3.37%. The mean age was 34.57 years. The sex ratio was 0.78. 33% were being treated for epilepsy, and 21 patients (66%) came from the emergency department. Refractory status epilepticus was found in 49% of patients, and 15% had super-refractory status epilepticus. Hemodynamic instability was the most frequent abnormality on admission, present in 28.125% of patients. EEG was performed in 3 patients (9.37%), and a brain CT scan was performed in all patients. Anemia, hypocalcemia, and hypokalemia were the most common laboratory abnormalities, present in 34% of patients. Lumbar puncture was performed in 16 patients (50%). Hypoproteinorachia and hypoglycorachia were predominant, each occurring in 22% of cases. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was clear in 34% of patients. Discontinuation of treatment was the most frequent cause (31.25%), followed by ischemic stroke (18.75%). Anticonvulsant therapy was initiated in all patients to prevent seizures. The mean duration of sedation was 8.21 ± 8.12 days, ranging from 1 to 35 days. The combination of midazolam and fentanyl was the most commonly used sedative. 72% of patients developed a nosocomial infection during their hospitalization. Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) was the most frequent nosocomial infection, occurring in 22% of cases. Hyperthermia was the most common adverse event occurring in the acute ph

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Distinguished Professor of Haematology Head — Experimental, Historical & Sensory Haematology Vlad the Impaler University, Wolf’s Lane, Wooden Stakes Grove 666, Transylvania.

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