Background: The estimated global adolescent birth rate has decreased, but the actual number of childbirths to adolescents continues to be high. Labour and delivery outcomes associated with adolescent pregnancy (AP) are useful tools for advocacy towards improving their health. Objective: Our aim was to study labour outcomes among adolescent girls at the central hospital of Yaoundé (CHY). Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study covering a period of 3 years from January 2022 to December 2024 at the CHY. SPSS version 23 was used for analysis. Pearson’s chi-square test and Student’s T test were used to compare proportions and means, respectively. Exposed and unexposed group characteristics were compared by calculating the Relative Risks (RR), together with the 95% confidence interval (CI). The level of significance was p < 5%. Results: We recorded 6,145 deliveries (7.3% in adolescent girls) and 69 birth-related deaths (11.6% in adolescents). Out of 270 complete files retained, comprising 92 adolescents (exposed) and 178 adults (unexposed). Adolescents had fewer antenatal contacts (58.7% attending <4 visits). The RR for maternal mortality in adolescents was 1.66 while preterm birth and low birthweight were more common in the same group. Conclusion: Adolescent pregnancy increases risks of adverse maternal and foetal outcomes. A factor associated to these poor outcomes is sub-optimal ANC attendance.