Cesarean section is the most common surgical procedure performed in hospitals worldwide. It can lead to persistent postoperative pain. Numerous analgesic techniques exist for the prevention and treatment of pain after a cesarean section. Transverse abdominal block (TAPB) and quadratus lumborum block (QLB) have proven effective. The aim of this study was to compare the analgesic effect of the TAP block versus the QLB after a cesarean section. This was a prospective, comparative, randomized, single-blind study conducted at the Abdou Aziz Sy Dabakh University Hospital in Tivaouane. All patients undergoing cesarean section under spinal anesthesia, excluding emergency cases, were included. At the end of the procedure, a TAP block and a QLB with bupivacaine were performed randomly under ultrasound guidance. Postoperative static and dynamic pain was assessed immediately postoperatively and at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours after surgery by a nurse unaware of the medication, using a numerical rating scale (NRS) from 0 to 10. Statistical analysis was performed using R software. Fisher's exact test was used to compare proportions, while Student's t-test was used to compare means. The mean ASA score was similar between the two groups. The duration of the block was significantly longer in the QLB group than in the TAP group, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001). The assessment of postoperative static and dynamic pain, measured using the NRS, did not show a statistically significant difference between the QLB and TAP groups at the different assessment time points. The TAP block and the quadratus lumborum (QLB) block significantly reduce postoperative pain intensity rating scales by avoiding the use of opioid analgesics. These results support the role of regional analgesia in postoperative pain management after cesarean section.