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Factors Influencing Early Treatment Outcomes among Patients with Cholangiocarcinoma at Muhimbili National Hospital, Tanzania: A Retrospective Hospital Based Cross Sectional Study

DOI : https://doi.org/10.36349/easjms.2026.v08i06.004
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Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the disease of public health importance due to the increase in number of cases in the last 30 years. Because of its late presentation of the disease has been associated with worse outcomes. Moreover, treatment options are limited due to the complexity of the condition. There are limited studies on the subject matter in our country; therefore, this study aims to assess factors influencing treatment outcomes among patients with cholangiocarcinoma treated from January 2017 to December 2021 at MNH. Results: This study that involved 108 case notes of patients with cholangiocarcinoma. Female patients were 57 and male 51. It was found that median age at diagnosis was 59. It was shown by using radiological imaging (CT scan and MRCP) that majority of patients had perihilar cholangiocarcinoma 76 (71%) followed by distal cholangiocarcinoma 20(18.7%). On metastasis 54(50%) patients had metastasis and the leading organ of metastasis being the liver 40 (74.1%). Only 46 were checked for CEA and 37 were checked for CA19-9 pre intervention and less than 5% post intervention. Study revealed that 9 (8.33%) patients were treated surgical. out of 73 patients, majority 63 (86.3%) patients had no complication after treatment, only 10 (13.7%) patients developed complications. Among 10 patients developed the following complications; peri-catheter leak after (PTBD) 4 (40%), anastomotic leak 2 (20%), SSI 1 (10%) and others (pulmonary embolism, catheter occlusion) 3 (30%) patients. Furthermore, out of 73 patients, the mortality of the patients post intervention were 7 (9.6%) patients. On factors associated with early treatment outcomes, it was revealed that; patients with more than 50 years 9 (15%), perihilar cholangiocarcinoma 8 (15.1%) and metastasis of the tumor 5 (16.1%) had complications. It was shown that there was no significant difference on factors associated with complication after intervention. Conclusion: This study concluded that there was n

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