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Female Ordeal and Matrimonial Bondage: An Echography of Selected Novels by Some Female African Writers

DOI : https://doi.org/10.36349/easjhcs.2026.v08i04.003

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This paper examines female predicaments and matrimonial challenges in Buchi Emecheta’s The Joys of Motherhood, Mariama Bâ’s So Long a Letter, Flora Nwapa’s Efuru and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Purple Hibiscus. The paper further argues that these novels expose the painful experiences of African women within marriage, motherhood, patriarchy and religious or cultural expectations. In addition, this paper focuses on how marriage, which is often presented as a source of dignity and social fulfillment, becomes a space of suffering, silence, sacrifice and emotional imprisonment. From a Feminist theoretical perspective, the analyses in this paper reveals that marriage is projected in these novels both as a cultural institution and a site for female oppression. However, the women are not presented only as victims but they also demonstrate endurance, resistance and the desire for self-definition. The paper concludes that Emecheta, Mariama Bâ, and Adichie use fiction to challenge patriarchal structures and call for women’s dignity, voice and freedom within African societies.

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