Objective: To examine how the various existing health systems are represented in the health areas and in the health districts in the management of cardiovascular disease in Yaounde, Cameroon. It describes the taxonomy of health systems and meaning of CVDs in the community. It explains the different types of health systems which includes: biomedical, faith-healing and the African traditional health system which has eventually influenced their lifestyle and their therapeutic choices. It does an elaboration of the cultural representations of health systems and CVDs by members of the community. Drawing on the perspectives of medical anthropology, this study explores the cultural meanings, local beliefs, social relations, economic conditions, and therapeutic practices attached to cardiovascular diseases and to examine the social determinants influencing disease occurrence, interpretation, prevention, and treatment among the Biyem Assi - Yaoundé of Northwest Cameroon. Methodology: Using a qualitative ethnographic approach, data were collected through semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and documentary analysis. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have emerged as a major public health challenge worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries undergoing rapid epidemiological and socio-economic transitions. In Biyem-Assi District at Yaounde, increasing rates of hypertension, stroke, and heart disease have highlighted the importance of understanding the sociocultural contexts in which these conditions develop. Results: The findings reveal that cardiovascular diseases are not perceived solely as biological disorders but are understood through a complex framework that incorporates social stress, family conflicts, economic hardship, spiritual forces, and cultural interpretations of bodily imbalance. Furthermore, poverty, nutritional transitions, limited access to healthcare, and psychosocial stress emerge as significant determinants of cardiovascular vul