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Forms of Resistance towards Sexist Language in the Ngoni Language

DOI : https://doi.org/10.36349/easjehl.2026.v09i09.009
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This paper discusses the study on forms of resistance towards sexist language. The study adopted an ethnographic qualitative approach, whereas the data were collected using focus group discussion and introspection to assess the data. The study areas were Peramiho B and Lundusi Village in Peramiho Ward in Songea Rural District, Ruvuma Region. The population were 10 Ngoni speakers of which 5 were men and 5 women. The participants were aged 18 and above and were involved in farming, pastoralism and business. Ngoni language is an important means of communication in the Ngoni community. However, it reflects gender in qualities through words and expressions to mention the few. This contributes to the maintenance of gender stereotypes and sexist behaviors. However, Ngoni speakers modify, avoid, challenge and reject the use of sexist language. Therefore, this study discussed forms of resistance towards sexist language in the Ngoni language. It aimed to discuss possible forms of resistance that transform, avoid and challenge sexist language. The study was later analysed using Braun and Clarke’s Thematic Framework (2006) and John Gumperz’s Difference Theory (1982). The data are presented using tables and explanations. The findings revealed that Ngoni speakers use non-sexist forms of pronouns, they give names of new spirit to children, they receive corrections when using sexist language, and they modify the use of occupational terms. Basing on the findings, the study recommends that language users should avoid sexist language and use non-sexist language particularly in public. Additionally, they should be given knowledge and information concerning the correct use of language.

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