Objective: To assess the anesthetic management of surgical abdominal emergencies at Donka National Hospital. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study conducted over a 2-year period, from January 1, 2024, to December 31, 2025. It included all medical records and operating room reports of patients of all ages who underwent emergency surgery for a surgical abdominal condition at Donka National Hospital. Obstetric surgical emergencies and incomplete medical records were excluded. Patient recruitment was exhaustive. Results: A total of 159 patients were included, representing a frequency of 35%. The mean age was 36 ± 15.2 years (range: 16–82 years), with a male-to-female sex ratio of 1.9. Generalized acute peritonitis was the most common surgical indication (50.3%), followed by acute intestinal obstruction (20.7%). ASA II-U was the predominant classification (40.9%). All patients were considered to have a full stomach. General anesthesia was administered in 98% of cases, with rapid sequence induction performed in 94% of cases and the Sellick maneuver in 98% of cases. Oropharyngeal endotracheal intubation provided airway control in 98% of cases. Intraoperative hypotension (18.9%) and delayed postoperative emergence (3.8%) were the most frequent complications. Peri-anesthetic mortality was 0.6%. Conclusion: Surgical abdominal emergencies account for a substantial proportion of operative activity at Donka National Hospital and predominantly affect young adult males. Standardized anesthetic management, rigorous preoperative resuscitation, and close interdisciplinary collaboration are essential to improve outcomes in these patients.