Surgical complications in oral surgery include adverse events that may occur during or after a surgical procedure, affect oral tissues, and compromise patient outcomes. Given their clinical significance, this study aimed to determine the epidemiological profile of surgical complications in the Oral Surgery Department at Calafia Clinic, Mexicali School of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Baja California, Mexico. An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted involving 232 patients treated between January 2022 and December 2024. Data on documented complications, treatments provided, and clinical follow-up were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics, in accordance with established bioethical principles. Among intraoperative complications involving hard tissues, root fractures, crown fractures, and cortical bone fractures were the most frequently reported. In soft tissues, bleeding and lacerations were the most common complications. Surgical wound dehiscence was the most frequent postoperative complication. Furthermore, an increasing trend in the number of complications was observed across semesters, coinciding with an increase in the volume of surgical procedures. All patients received immediate treatment and clinical follow-up at seven and fourteen days, depending on the severity of their complications. Intraoperative complications were more frequent than postoperative complications, with hard tissue injuries predominating over soft tissue injuries. Although the number of complications increased alongside the volume of surgical procedures, all cases had favorable outcomes, highlighting the importance of timely management and clinical follow-up in promoting patient recovery at this university dental clinic.