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Identification and Antibiotic Susceptibility Profiles of Uropathogenic Bacteria in Kibra Informal Settlement, Nairobi City County, Kenya

DOI : https://doi.org/10.36349/easjpid.2026.v08i04.001
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Background: Urinary tract infections are among the most frequently occurring bacterial infections worldwide. Recent increases in Antimicrobial Resistance have led to increased disease burden especially in urinary tract infections in informal settlements where prescribed regimens are limited due to associated costs. Objectives: The study aimed to identify uropathogenic bacterial agents and their antibiotic susceptibility profiles isolated in Kibra Informal Settlement, Nairobi City County, Kenya. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was adopted in this study. Results: Of the 150 isolates tested, Escherichia coli was the most frequent uropathogen identified (57.3%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.0%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5.3%) and Staphylococcus aureus (4.7%). Isolates were found to be most resistant to Ampicillin (92.0%), third-generation Cephalosporins (76.7-81.8%), and Trimethoprim- sulphamethoxazole (74.7%), and least resistant to nitrofurantoin (8.4%), Amikacin (1.5%) and Meropenem (0.0%). Overall, 84.7% of all isolates were empirical drug resistant. Of Gram-negative isolates, 74.2% exhibited phenotypic resistance patterns consistent with Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase production. Among surveyed community members, 84.0% of respondents who reported having experienced a urinary tract infections episode in the preceding three months went on to use an antibiotic to treat their illness. Conclusion: The study findings demonstrated an urgent need for institution of community-based AMR stewardship education initiatives, and immediate revision of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing-guided treatment guidelines. Additionally, for empirical urinary tract infections treatment in Kenya’s informal urban settlements, there is a need to prioritize Nitrofurantoin and other low resistance antibiotics. This study also recommends implementation of routine facility-based antibiotic program surveillance and establishment of coordinated One Health antimicrobial stewardsh

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Professor Thomas Count Dracula, MD, PhD

Distinguished Professor of Haematology Head — Experimental, Historical & Sensory Haematology Vlad the Impaler University, Wolf’s Lane, Wooden Stakes Grove 666, Transylvania.

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