ABSTRACT
Tuberculosis is a common problem in developing countries and provides a number of challenges for the anaesthetist. Patients may present in a variety of ways. Constitutional and pulmonary symptoms are the most common. These may impact on fitness for surgery and choice of anaesthesia. Tuberculosis treatment has the potential for a number of significant drug interactions. These are primarily mediated through induction of the cytochrome P450 enzyme system by rifampicin. Guidelines for the prevention of tuberculosis in the theatre environment need to be followed to avoid placing staff and other patients in danger.

ABSTRACT
Nutrition is modifiable factor highly associated with COVID-19 severe illness and deaths. So many people falling ill due to corona virus unhealthy food habits contributes to preexisting health conditions. Diets are crucial to the health status of people around the world. People with pre-existing, diet-related conditions such as obesity, heart disease, and diabetes, are suffering more serious consequences from COVID-19, including more severe illness and a greater need for intensive health care, such as respirators. Malnutrition also severely weakens people’s immune systems, increasing people’s chances of getting ill, staying ill, and dying because of illness. One should follow safe food handling practices.

ABSTRACT
Background: Fluctuations in glucose levels and prolonged hyperglycaemia is associated with poor outcomes concerning morbidity and mortality in cardiac surgery patients. Paediatric patients are more susceptible to adverse effects of hyperoxaemia during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on glucose homeostasis. In this study, we tried to find out changes in blood glucose and the Insulin requirements intraoperatively in paediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery requiring CPB. This is a prospective, single-centre study performed among 130 paediatric patients of either sex in the age group below 12 years with congenital heart disease scheduled for cardiac surgery requiring CPB. The parametric data were analyzed by paired t-test for intragroup comparison and unpaired t-test for intergroup comparisons. Differences were significant when the probability was less than 0.05 (p-value). Chi-square test was used for inferential data analysis. Blood glucose was meticulously monitored at various points of time as at baseline, after 10 min, then every half-hourly during bypass, 30 minutes after bypass, and after 10 min at intensive care unit (ICU). To control blood glucose on CPB inj. Insulin was used as per study protocol. Group I (n= 97) patients required insulin due to hyperglycaemia on CPB while Group II (n=33) no insulin was required on CPB. 74% of paediatric patients required insulin on cardiopulmonary bypass out of the 43% required insulin 30 min after starting CPB. There is significant blood glucose rise in children of congenital cardiac disease after induction of anaesthesia, and on CPB. The duration of CPB might not significantly affect the insulin requirement of patients. CPB significantly affected glucose homeostasis in children. Hence it seems prudent to administer a small amount of intravenous dextrose in the pre-bypass period to avoid hypoglycaemia. The insulin administration rate and dose should be adjusted on CPB as per patient requirements