ABSTRACT
Although Islam emphasizes that its followers should be able to read the Qur`ān, most students, unfortunately, cannot. Results showed that only 15% of elementary school students, 25% junior high school, 35% of high school, and 40% of university students could read the Qur`ān. Also, the 2021 pre-test results from the UPI showed that only 34% of students could read the Qur`ān. The findings from the UNISBA were better, as the 2021 pre-test results revealed that up to 60% of students were able to read it and only 40% could not. Therefore, the problem of this study is regarding how Al-Qur`ān illiteracy among students can be eradicated. Several innovative reading methods are employed in Indonesia, including the bilhikmah technique. This research aims to test the effectiveness of this method in eradicating Al-Qur`ān illiteracy from UNISBA students. It used a quasi-experimental research method, and the sample comprised 998 students of the 2021-2022 class that were unable to read the Al-Qur`ān. A total of 499 students from 14 classes attended the offline learning program, while the other half from 20 classes participated online. Before and after learning, pre-tests and post-tests were provided. Consequently, the study discovered that 84% and 74% of students from the offline and online classes, respectively, managed to improve their ability to read the Qur`ān. Based on the statistical test results, the offline program was much more effective than the online equivalent. Hence, the study recommends that the eradication of Al-Qur`ān illiteracy for students should use the bilhikmah method for both offline and online classes.

ABSTRACT
Reading is basic to all learning, both in learning in general and in acquisition of languages. This one-group quasi-experimental action research determined the effects of Scaffolding Strategies in the level of reading comprehension skills of Grade 7 Students of a national high school in Zambales, Philippines. The study involved a total of forty-four students. A pretest/posttest served as the main instrument used to measure the students’ reading comprehension skills in terms of making predictions, getting the meaning through context clues, determining text importance, making inferences, and making connections. Results revealed that the level of reading comprehension skills of Grade 7 students before the application of Scaffolding Strategies is Approaching Proficiency. Students belong to Approaching Proficiency level in making predictions while they are developing in terms of making inferences, making connections, determining text importance, and getting the meaning through context clues. The level of reading comprehension skills of the students after their exposure in the Scaffolding Strategies is still Approaching Proficiency level but with higher mean score. The students are Approaching Proficiency in terms of making predictions, making inferences and getting the meaning through context clues. The study concludes that there is a significant difference in the reading comprehension skills of the students before and after their exposure on the Scaffolding Strategies. Based on the findings, it is recommended that teachers may continue to innovate and customize different scaffolding strategies to keep abreast with the emerging trends in English teaching towards better reading comprehension among the students.

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Hemiplegia, or Yiémum in the Bamoun language, is a disease characterized by paralysis or weakness of one half of the patient's body, rendering him or her disabled. This article looks at the management of Yiémum in a context where the population believes in the supremacy of Bamoun traditional healing methods over biomedicine or conventional medicine. Objective: The aim of this article is to analyse the ethnotherapy of Yiémum (Hemiplegia) in the Bamoun cultural universe, in the West Cameroon region. Methodology: The qualitative method in Medical Anthropology was used to collect secondary and primary data in the Division of Noun over a period from 2 January to 31 August 2019. Data collected from patients, close relatives, community members, traditional healers and health professionals were analysed using the content analysis technique. Arthur Kleinman's interpretative cultural theory was used to interpret the results. Results: The causes and treatment of this condition differ depending on whether biomedicine or traditional medicine is chosen. According to biomedicine, hemiplegic patients are predisposed to sudden death linked to a stroke. This is the main cause of disability in adults. According to the second, in the Bamoun socio-culture, it is a mystical disease, or its origin is unknown. The results of the survey reveal the use of alternative medication in the care of hemiplegic patients, with ancestral practices predominating. Conclusion: There is open collaboration between conventional medical practitioners and traditional medicine initiates predestined to eradicate this disease of mystical origin. The people of the Noun division are opting more for traditional practices and biomedicine.

ABSTRACT
Vocabulary is the most important component of language knowledge; it is one of the best predictors of language performance. This descriptive one-group quasi-experimental action research aimed to determine the effectiveness of Do It Yourself (DIY) Word Notebook in improving the Vocabulary of Grade 10 students of a national high school in Zambales, Philippines. A total of 40 students served as the participants of the study. A pretest/posttest served as the main instrument in gathering data which involved the measurement of the students’ vocabulary skills in terms of Definition, Spelling, Parts of Speech, Synonym, Antonym, and Word usage. Results revealed that before the intervention, the level of vocabulary of the students is Fairly Satisfactory. In particular, the students are Fairly Satisfactory in spelling, word usage and synonym while they Did Not Meet Expectations in parts of speech and definition. After exposure to the intervention, the class improved to Satisfactory based from the post-test mean score of 32.95. In particular, the students are Very Satisfactory in spelling and parts of speech, Satisfactory in definition and synonym, and Fairly Satisfactory in word usage and antonym. It can be concluded that there is a significant difference in the vocabulary of the students before and after the implementation of the DIY Vocabulary Notebook. Likewise, there is a significant difference in the students’ vocabulary when grouped according to language use at home, ethnicity and mother’s highest educational attainment. The use of DIY Vocabulary Notebook is hereby recommended to be used in English classes.

ABSTRACT
The purpose of the study is to determine the performance of the graduates of biology and psychology undergraduate programs in a state university, in Central Luzon, Philippines, through the perspective of their employers. Descriptive- quantitative research design was employed in order to attain its objectives. In addition, convenience sampling was utilized in gathering the data of 77 graduates of the two programs, through adopted standardized questionnaire, which was analyzed through descriptive statistics. The study found out the undergraduate biology and psychology programs of a state university in Central Luzon, Philippines is relevant and responsive to the needs of the global workforce. However, the study also emphasized that there is a need to increase the employees’ poor level of organizational commitment and communication skills, thus, academic institutions may formulate relevant programs and curriculum enhancement to address these concerns. Similar study may be conducted to address the causes of these poor employees’ performance factors.

ABSTRACT
This study investigated the utilization of Open Educational Resources (OERs) among mathematics teachers in selected public secondary schools in Zambales, Philippines for the school year 2022-2023. A survey was conducted with 75 Junior High School Mathematics teachers to assess OERs usage frequency and extent, identify challenges, examine perceptions of OER's effect on mathematics teaching practices, and propose a development plan for promoting OER utilization. Findings revealed that the typical teacher-respondent was a 33-year-old female with a bachelor's degree, supplemented by master's units, and eight years of teaching experience. They held the position of Teacher III and were familiar with OERs. Respondents sometimes used OERs in their math teaching strategies and disagreed with challenges related to OERs use. They agreed that integrating OERs into mathematics teaching had positive effects. The study observed no significant differences in challenges faced by mathematics teachers when grouped by age, sex, highest educational attainment, years of teaching experience, and teaching position. However, significant differences emerged when grouped by OER knowledge. Likewise, there were no significant differences in perceptions of OER effects when respondents were grouped by profile variables. Furthermore, no significant relationships were found between challenges and OER utilization or between perceptions of OER effects and OER utilization among respondents.

ABSTRACT
Objective: the aim of this article is to present the contributions of digital transformation to the process of managing museum collections. Methodology: this study is descriptive and analytical. It focuses on the "implementation of digital transformation in the management of museum collections in the city of Yaoundé, Cameroon". The research itself, along with direct and participant observations, took place from 1 February to 30 March 2022. The qualitative research made it possible to take stock of the conservation of collections in the museums of Blackitude, the Fondation Salomon Tandeng Muna (FSTM) in the district of Yaoundé 1, and the Bénédictins - in the district of Yaoundé 2, the political capital of Cameroon, which is also the experimental zone. The collection and analysis of non-quantifiable data led to the following results. Results: Digitised collections, websites, virtual spaces... these are just a few examples of the multitude and variety of systems that have gradually become part of the museum world. However, museums in general, and those in sub-Saharan Africa in particular, still face challenges that cannot be managed manually. These include the organisational and technical changes brought about by the use of digital technology, and the financial problems that arise when museums have to manage themselves. Digital technology is bringing new business models to the fore. Lastly, there is the problem of employability for young people, because according to the experts, 80% of digital jobs are still unknown to the public. Conclusion: The use of digital technology in the management of museum collections is leading to organisational changes in both the conservation and display of collections, new working methods, a new economic model, new professions (IT security, digital hanging, digital labelling, etc.) and those that will remain unchanged (cleaning, disinsectisation).

ABSTRACT
The Kenyan government has always aimed at providing quality education and training for all its citizens. This is predominantly dependent on education supervisors and teachers who share the burden in curriculum implementation. Therefore, this study sought to: Establish primary school teachers awareness of the roles of quality assurance and standards officers. This study was conducted in Teso North district, Western province. The study was based on needs assessment theory which postulates that a need should always be linked to the essential knowledge, skills, and attitudes an individual must possess to be competent and therefore accomplish the desired results. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. A total of 180 respondents participated. Thirty (30) head teachers from the selected schools were selected, while the 150 teachers were selected by simple random sampling. Data were collected by use of a self-administered questionnaire for teachers and a structured interview schedule for head teachers. Data were analyzed and presented by use of frequency tables and t-test statistics. It was established that teachers are fairly aware of the supervisory roles of QASOs’ and most teachers generally agree that supervision enhances their professional development. Generally teachers’ are aware of the roles of QASOs’. When teachers are aware of the supervisory roles of QASOs’ they are more likely to co-operate in making the process more successful. The study recommends the introduction of a mandatory course in Quality Assurance and Standards in teacher training institutions.

ABSTRACT
Supervision of education in Kenya has adopted the inspection model which is traced back to the colonial era. The objective of the study was to investigate perceptions of primary school teachers on the effectiveness of supervision in their professional development. The needs assessment theory was adopted for this study. This study was conducted in Teso North district. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. A total of 180 respondents participated. Thirty (30) head teachers from the selected schools were selected, while the 150 teachers were selected by simple random sampling. Data were collected by use of a self-administered questionnaire for teachers and a structured interview schedule for head teachers. Data were analyzed and presented by use of frequency tables and t-test statistics. It was established that teachers generally agree that supervision enhances their professional development. It is envisaged that this study will be useful in improving both instructional and supervisory practices as teachers will get to be more aware of what is expected of them of the supervisory practices. The study recommends that the government needs to recruit and deploy more QASOs at Zonal levels in each district to increase the frequency of supervision.