ABSTRACT
Cancer significantly contributes to the cause of morbidity and mortality in Zambia 71% of people diagnosed with cancer in Zambia die from the disease; however, access to radiotherapy (RT) services is lacking. More than 50% of cancer patients will require radiotherapy for curative or palliative intent. The country first established RT services in 2006. Prior to that only a few Zambians accessed this specialised treatment abroad, mainly due to the high costs. After a successful run of service for over a decade, in 2022 the country suffered total disruption of RT services due to obsolete equipment that has been earmarked for decommissioning. The country is now in the process of re-establishing the RT services to make them sustainable. This article aims at reviewing how the RT services (RT equipment and personnel) have been managed, the opportunities that exist (demand for RT services, availability of training institutions, support from the government and cooperating partners) and lastly the challenges (equipment shortages and operation, lack of medical physicists and biomedical engineers, financial constraints, procurement and maintenance delays). The insights offered by this work will elicit a data based decision making approach to meticulous RT service provision.

ABSTRACT
Background: Cancer is the leading cause of death and a major contributor to reduced life expectancy in every country on Earth [1]. Cervical cancer (CC) is a serious global health concern that is more common in developing countries, especially those on the Indian subcontinent. More and more women are suffering from CC. Cervical cancer is mostly caused by the Human Papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted virus that is one of the most common illnesses of the reproductive system. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of HPV genotype among colposcopy diagnosed cervical precancerous lesions. Methods: The cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Gynecological Oncology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, from July 2021 to June 2022. A total of 132 subjects were included in the study. Data were collected by face-to-face interview and analyzed by appropriate computer based programmed software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 24. Results: In this study, the mean age was found to be 36.7±6.3 years, with a range from 31 to 60 years, the majority 53 (40.2%) of patients completed SSC and 118 (89.4%) were housewives and 125(94.7%) were Muslims. In this study most of the patients 101 (76.5%) came from middle-income families. About 45 (34.1%) patients were married between the ages of 15-17 years, 45 (34.1%) were between 16-18 years during their first delivery and 56 (42.4%) had 3-4 children. Most of the patients 92(69.7%) had history of received OCP. About 10(7.0%) patients were found HPV 16 positive followed by 1(0.7%) HPV 18, 3(2.1%) other HR-HPV, 3(2.1%) HPV 16 & other HR-HPV and 1(0.7%) HPV 16-HPV 18 & other HR-HPV. Most of the 95 (72.0%) patients had CIN I, 30 (22.7%) had CIN II and 7 (5.3%) had CIN III identification by colposcopy reports. In this study 59 (44.7%) patients had CIN I followed by 13 (9.8%) had CIN II, 9 (6.8%) had CIN III, 5 (3.8%) had CIS and 46 (34.8%) ..

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Understanding the dietary habits and lifestyle choices of secondary school-going students is crucial for developing targeted health interventions. This study aims to analyze these aspects among secondary school-going students in Dhaka, Bangladesh, focusing on dietary preferences, physical activity, screen time, and sleep patterns. Methods: This observational cross-sectional study involved 600 secondary school students in Dhaka. Data were collected through structured questionnaires by assessing age, gender, BMI, dietary habits, meal frequency, water intake, fruit and vegetable consumption, fast-food and sweets intake, breakfast habits, physical activity, screen time, sleep patterns, self-perceived health status, and chronic health conditions. Bivariate correlations were analyzed to understand the relationships between these variables. Result: The majority of participants were 15 years old (37.83%), with more females (61.33%) than males. Most students were in grade 10 (77.67%), and the predominant BMI category was normal (54.67%). Dietary preferences showed a preference for a mixed diet (56.17%). Regular fruit and vegetable consumption was reported by 34.00% and 59.83% of students, respectively. High rates of fast food (23.00% regularly) and sweets (33.00% regularly) consumption were observed. Breakfast was often skipped by 15.50% of participants. Physical activity levels indicated that 45.33% engaged in physical training, but 19.67% were not involved in any sports. The average screen time was 2.42 hours, and the mean sleep time was 7.02 hours. Most students rated their health as good (61.17%), and 95.17% had no known chronic health conditions. Conclusion: The study highlights a mix of healthy and unhealthy dietary and lifestyle patterns among secondary school students in Dhaka. While there is a reasonable intake of fruits and vegetables, the prevalence of fast food and sweets consumption, combined with suboptimal breakfast habits and physical ..........