ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the contribution of pericardial biopsy in the etiological research of pericarditis. Methods: This study was carried out in the University Hospital Centers of Point G and Luxembourg. This was a descriptive study with retrospective collection from January 2012 to May 2015. It concerned all patients operated on for pericarditis in whom the histological examination was carried out. Results: We operated on a total of 70 patients for pericarditis, representing a frequency of 2.3% of all surgical interventions (3044) and 49.6% of cardiac interventions (141). The average age of the patients was 31.5 years with the extremes ranging from 2 years to 84 years. The most common signs of pericarditis were chest pain (27.1%), fever (7.1%) and dyspnea (12.9%). Pericardial drainage was performed in 91.4% of patients. On histological examination, tuberculosis represented 70% and pericardial cancer metastases 4.3%. Immediate post-operative complications were marked by three (03) deaths. Conclusion: The histology of pericardial samples was decisive in the etiological diagnosis. The popularization of biopsy during pericardial drainage is promising in our work contexts.

ABSTRACT
Background: Cornea is the transparent, avascular structure that forms the outer layer of the eyeball through which light enters the eye. According to National programme for control of blindness, India has more than 12 million people with visual impairment and corneal blindness accounts for 0.9% [1]. A large number of diseases affect the cornea. These include infectious causes- bacterial, fungal and viral causes; trauma, dystrophies, nutritional deficiency etc. So, this study aims to find the prevalence of visual impairment due to corneal diseases and its causes so appropriate steps can be taken in managing these conditions. Methods: It is a prospective, cross sectional, observational study conducted in Department of ophthalmology, GMC, Jammu for a period of 6 months from October 2023 to March 2024. All patients presenting to the eye opd with visual impairment were included in the study (vision <6/18). Detailed history and examination were done to find prevalence of corneal disease and it cause. Results: A total of 3276 patients were included in the study. Of these 108 patients had visual impairment due to corneal diseases. 57.4 % patients were males and 42.59% were females. The age distribution was as follows, 7 patients were in the age group of 0-10 years, 11 in group 10-20 years, 20 were of 20-30 years, 18 were 30-40 years, 23 in age group of 40- 50 and 29 were of age more than 50 years. Infectious causes (bacterial-24.07%, fungal-21.29% and viral keratitis-17.59% were the leading cause, followed by trauma (15.74%) and dry eye syndrome (8.33%). Conclusions: Corneal illnesses account one of the major cause of vision impairment, and their epidemiological patterns and etiology are varied. Many of the causes are preventable, so appropriate steps need to be taken to decrease the burden of corneal visual impairment.

ABSTRACT
Numerous reports are showing the presence of both pathogenic and non-pathogenic microbes in sea sand, and sea sand specified to conserve drug resistance genes. However, there is not any study to realize whether drug-resistant bacteria can thrive in sea sand or not. In this investigation, we observed events of some extremely drug-resistant bacteria in sea sand. Our study pointed to diminished growths of these extremely drug-resistant bacteria in sea sand and surges release of bacterial natural pigments, which additionally could check microbial growths. Therefore, a negative feedback system de novo is dynamic in sea beaches to limit bacterial residents.

ABSTRACT
Purpose: To study the clinical and epidemiological aspects of benign prostatic hypertrophy at the Koutiala reference health center. Patient methods: This is a prospective study from April 2016 to April 2017, 13 months in total. All patients in whom the clinical examination and ultrasound made the diagnosis of prostate adenoma and in whom the diagnosis was confirmed at surgery were included in this study. Results: The frequency of benign prostatic hypertrophy was 23.81%; it occupied first place among surgical uropathies with 54.94% and took second place among all surgical pathologies with 29.6% of cases. The average age of our patients was 71 years. The age group 61 – 75 was the most affected with a frequency of 59%. Acute retention of urine comes first among the reasons for consultations with a rate of 58%. Ultrasound has been the reference examination for the diagnosis of this pathology. It was performed in all our patients. The surgical pathologies most associated with prostate adenoma were inguinal hernia, 6 cases (6%). The treatment was surgical in 100% of the series, via the transvesical route using the Freyer Hryntchak technique. The pathological examination of the surgical specimens detected one case of prostate adenocarcinoma,1%. Post-operative outcomes were simple in the majority of cases,86%. 70% of patients had a hospital stay of 5 days, the average was 8 days with extremes of 4 and 33 days. The mortality rate was 4.17%. Conclusion: Upper prostatic adenomectomy remains the main technique for surgical management of BPH in Mali and in our center in particular with low postoperative morbidity and mortality.