ABSTRACT
Splenic cystic lymphangioma in young adult patients is very rare and should be considered as a differential diagnosis of splenomegaly in malaria-endemic region. We report the case of a 24-year-old female who presented with a 28 cm left sided painless abdominal swelling of 7 years duration. Her physical examination revealed severe anaemia and a massive splenomegaly. An abdominal ultrasound scan was not conclusive. A splenectomy was performed and histopathological analysis led to the diagnosis of cystic splenic lymphangioma. The patient’s postoperative course was uneventful, and she was discharged from the hospital. Histopathological analysis of the resected specimen is the gold standard for definitive diagnosis in such cases.
ABSTRACT
Background: Everyman has a prostate; but every prostate doesn’t have to make a man’s life miserable. The prostate gland is the ‘powerhouse’ of every man. Data from the Ghana Health Service shows that 3052 cases of cervical cancer were recorded in 2015 out of which 1556 died, representing 51 percent, breast cancer also recorded 2260 cases with 1021 deaths, representing 45 percent, prostate cancer has 912 cases being recorded with 680 deaths, representing 75 percent. This paper discusses the prostate cancer situation in Ghana compared to top gynecological cancers such as Breast and Cervical Cancer. Method: A review of the cancer mortality and incidence rate were conducted using search engines such as Google, PubMed with keywords such as prostate cancer, Breast and Cervical cancer. Result: The fatality rate result appears outrageous for prostate cancer in Ghanaian men toppling Breast and Cervical cancer with only 25% of men diagnosed with the disease survived in Ghana annually. Conclusion: Urgent National attention should be paid to the fatality rate in Ghana on prostate cancer. Awareness and national screening programs should be initiated early as possible with government support towards men’s Health.
ABSTRACT
Objective: Diagnostic Medical Sonography is widely used and well-tolerated tool for prostate size evaluation. This recent paper stresses the prostate size or volume of men in a community in the Shai-Osudoku district, Greater Accra region, Ghana who took part in a medical screening program organized by charity, Naa Teley Foundation. It also stresses the value of transabdominal ultrasound that utilizes basic ultrasound equipment in evaluating the size of the prostate. Method: Eighteen (18) male between the ages 38 to 78 took part in the Medical screening program organized by Naa Teley Foundation and sponsored by the Assemblies of God, Doryumu, in the Shai-Osudoku district in the greater Accra Region during the Mothers’ Day celebration. They were made to drink 500ml of water to aid in visualization of the prostate using Sonoscape A6 grey scale machine. The procedure involved transabdominal procedure which uses a transducer that sends out ultrasound waves at a frequency too high to be heard to visualize the prostate and the bladder. Result: From the sonographic findings, prostate size does not correlate with aging and irrespective of the age of men, they could have large prostate size. Out of the eighteen men screened (18), four (4) had normal prostate size < 40grams representing 22.22%. Conclusion: From the findings, every male between the ages of thirty and above is at risk of prostatic diseases. There is therefore the need to sensitize the male public on the need for healthy prostate. Ultrasound examination is easy, fast, noninvasive and reasonably accurate and therefore recommended for male population to have their prostate assessed by the ultrasound once or twice a year.
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Breastfeeding though a universal concept, still needs our due attention. Although the human milk is scientifically proven best for infants and is absolutely necessary for the human offspring, still there are many factors that prevent its universal usage. Each year a large number of infants and children die or suffer from complications, just because of the fact that they were robbed of such significant resource due to any valid or invalid reason. Whether ignorance, any pathology or any deliberate reason; there are many infants which are deprived of this vital resource. Reduction of infant and childhood mortality, prevention of developmental complications, prevention of maternal pathologies and many more are its advantages, which are proved beyond any reasonable doubt. Even where it is given, the exclusiveness is somewhere compromised. Despite many initiatives at the level of Government and many international agencies, the universal coverage of breastfeeding is still a dream concept. Despite the known advantages of human milk and exclusive breastfeeding, even in this modern era we still have to motivate masses for this natural act. It’s the need of the hour we start understanding the dire emergency and start addressing breastfeeding as birthright of the infants. The concept of universal and sustainable health need to be based on core concepts of human nature and behavior; and breastfeeding is definitely one of them
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Gammalin-20 is a widely used organochlorine pesticide in veterinary and human medicine for the treatment of ectoparasite and pediculosis. This study was aimed at determining the effects of drinking Gammalin-20 contaminated water on some biochemical parameters in male Rattus norvegicus rats. Each of the ten rats in the experimental group drank approximately 2.5 Liters-3.0 Liters of 0.01% Gammalin-20 contaminated water within the period of four weeks which this study lasted while each of the ten rats in the control group drank approximately 10 Liters- 12 Liters of distilled water within the same period. Five milliliters blood specimens were collected from each experimental and control rats into lithium heparin anti-coagulated bottles. The blood specimens were spun and plasma samples used for the quantitative measurement of alanine aminotransferse, aspartate aminotransferase, urea, creatinine and C-reactive protein using a spectrophotometer. The results revealed statistically significant elevations (p<0.05) in the mean values of all the biochemical parameters measured in the experimental rats as compared to that of the control. In conclusion, drinking of 0.01% Gammalin-20 contaminated water for a period of four weeks may lead to hepato-renal and inflammatory disorders in Rattus norvegicus rats. It is therefore recommended that the use of Gammalin-20 in veterinary, killing of fish, human medicine etc should be well guided and properly regulated so as to avoid the likelihood of these adverse effects on humans
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Background: Cervical cancer is the second most frequent cancer among women between 15 and 44 years of age and most frequent cancer among women in Nigeria. It is the most preventable cancer known to man. The objectives of the study were to assess the level of awareness, knowledge and determine factors influencing the uptake of cervical cancer screening among women of reproductive age in selected wards of Ede South LGA. Methods: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out among women of reproductive age in selected wards in Ede South Local Government Area of Ede town, Osun State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling was used as the sampling technique for the study. Data was collected by using a semi structured, self-administered and interviewer guided questionnaire. Results: The mean knowledge score was 16.81+5.12 with 72.8% of the respondents having good knowledge and 26.8% poor knowledge. Though the level of knowledge was high only 11.6% of the respondents had ever had cervical cancer screening done before and 84.5% had never had cervical screening done before. Reported reasons for not screening were no symptoms (33.5%) and no reason (32.9%). 71% were however willing to partake in cervical cancer screening. There were statistically significant associations between practice of cervical cancer screening and age at marriage (p=0.05), religion (p=0.02) respectively. Conclusions: The study revealed a high level of awareness as well as knowledge but a very low level of uptake of cervical cancer screening among women of reproductive age in selected wards of Ede South LGA
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Context: Globalization has brought India into the forefront of progress. India is the second fastest growing economy in the world and is fourteenth in the world in factory output. Injuries are responsible for approximately 9 percent of all causes of deaths and about 16 percent of the disabilities are reported due to injuries. Industrial accidents and injuries constitute a significant public health issue because of the human, social and economic losses associated with them. Objectives: To study the various correlates of industrial accident in cases admitted and the characteristics of injuries sustained. Material & Methods: The present study was a hospital based, cross-sectional study conducted among industrial accident cases admitted in Lala Lajpat Rai Hospital in Kanpur. Study period was from May, 2015 to December, 2016. Data was recorded in a pre-designed, pre-tested questionnaire. WHO’s Injury Reporting Form (2010) was used to record type of injury sustained. Data was analyzed using percentages and proportions. Results: Out of 90 cases of industrial accident enrolled in the study, majority (73.3%) were in the 20-40 years age group. Most of the cases were males (62.2%). Most of the cases were due to fall (58.8%). Fracture (54.4%) was the commonest injury sustained. Conclusion: Young adults in the economically most productive age group are the commonest victims. Periodic surveillance of industries should be conducted by concerned authorities to ensure strict enforcement and compliance of workplace standards
ABSTRACT
Kidney stones are a major health problem around the globe. It occurs due to multiple reasons. In this review, the association between dietary intake and calcium oxalate stone formation in the urinary tract is studied. The relationship between calcium intake and its contribution in calcium crystals formation has been found to be inverse. Oxalate intake has a directly proportional relationship with the crystal formation in urinary tract. Moreover, the contribution of Vitamin D, sodium, protein and citrate in urolithiasis has also been studied.
