ABSTRACT
Abstract: Introduction: Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy is the gold standard procedure for symptomatic cholelithiasis for years. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedure is refined over years to increase its efficacy, decrease complication rates and increase cosmoses .Single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy being one of them. SILC has some documented advantages in comparison to four ports LC. With use of electrocautery as cutting and dissecting instrument SILC is becoming more popular now days and emerging as a promising surgical technique in treatment of symptomatic cholelithiasis. Methods: Patients of symptomatic cholelithiasis were enrolled in the study and 35 patients underwent electrocautery assisted single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Results were documented in form of duration of surgery, quantity of CO2 used, intra operative stone spillage, intra operative blood loss, post-operative pain at 6 hour and 24 hour after the surgery, duration of hospital stay, any postoperative complications. Result: Operative time, intra operative blood loss, amount of CO2 used, post-operative pain score at 24 hour, intraoperatively stone spillage, all parameters were found to be statistically significant except for post-operative pain score at 6 hours, post-operative complications and conversion into 4 port/2 port /open cholecystectomy which were not statically significant. Conclusion: SILC is emerging as a promising technique for symptomatic cholelithiasis with use of conventional instruments. There is no increase in the cost of procedure and there is increase benefit of cosmoses. Hence making it a suitable and promising technique for symptomatic cholelithiasis.

ABSTRACT
Abstract: Introduction-Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy is the gold standard procedure for symptomatic cholelithiasis for years. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedure is refined over years to increase its efficacy, decrease complication rates and increase cosmoses .Single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy being one of them. SILC has some documented advantages in comparison to four ports LC. Use of Harmonic Ace in SILC has further improved the efficiency of this procedure and complications rate has been decreased, thus making SILC a promising surgical technique in treatment of symptomatic cholelithiasis. Methods-Patients of symptomatic cholelithiasis were enrolled in the study and 35 patients underwent harmonic ace assisted single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Results were documented in form of duration of surgery, quantity of CO2 used, intra operative stone spillage, intra operative blood loss, post-operative pain at 6 hour and 24 hour after the surgery, duration of hospital stay, any postoperative complications. Result: Operative time, intra operative blood loss, amount of CO2 used, post-operative pain score at 24 hour , intraoperatively stone spillage, all parameters were found to be statistically significant except for post-operative pain score at 6 hours, post-operative complications and conversion into 4 port / 2 port /open cholecystectomy which were not statically significant. Conclusion: SILC is emerging as a promising technique for symptomatic cholelithiasis and use of harmonic ace has improved it further in terms of less operative time, less amount of blood loss and CO2 used, less chances of intraoperative stone spillage, less post-operative hospital stay, less pain post operatively.

ABSTRACT
Abstract: Background: The lifetime risk of hysterectomies ranges from 20% to 35%1-3. With the surge of medicolegal law suits, risk of premature surgical menopause after hysterectomy, surgical and anaesthetic risks involved and availability of alternative noninvasive management options, every effort should be made to avoid hysterectomy wherever possible. Clinico-pathological audit of hysterectomies can help us define and improve our standards of diagnosis and justification of the hysterectomies performed. Objective: To explore the pre-operative diagnosis, surgery performed and histopathological findings in Shaheed Tazuddin Ahmad Medical College & Hospital, Gazipur, Bangladesh. Methods: The Study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh to find out the common indications of hysterectomy. 100 cases were randomly selected for the study whose common indication of hysterectomy. Clinical examination and evaluation were done from October 2004 to February 2005. Other necessary investigations were done if clinically indicated and to prepare the patient for anesthesia. Statistical analysis of the results was obtained by using window-based computer software devised with Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS-22). Results: Majority of cases who underwent hysterectomy were 31-40 years (52%) of age. Out of 100 cases most of patients (70%) underwent abdominal hysterectomy and only 30 (30%) cases underwent vaginal hysterectomy. Out of 33 cases, clinically diagnosed as leiomyoma of the uterus histopathology revealed leiomyoma in 24 cases. In uncomplicated abdominal and vaginal hysterectomy, the duration of surgery was almost same, vaginal hysterectomies needs slightly longer time. Average hospital stay after operation was same. Conclusion: There were significantly fewer hysterectomies for malignancy and a higher rate of oophrectomies with hysterectomy in a tertiary care hospital.

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Abstract: We present a case of 32-year-old patient with a history of rheumatic feverdiagnosed at the age of eighteen. Thirteen years later, the patient developed malar rash and bilateral inflammatory joint pain. The laboratory results revealed lymphopenia and biological inflammatory syndrome. The patient tested positive for antinuclear antibodies and anti-dsDNA. Thus, the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus was established. The association of these two inflammatory diseases is due to an uncommun presentation of overlap syndrome.

ABSTRACT
Abstract: Introduction: Sepsis is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity for neonates in developing countries due to different maternal and neonatal risk factors. The aim of the present study is to see the maternal and neonatal risk factor for neonatal sepsis. Aim of the study: The aim of the present study is to see the maternal and neonatal risk factors for neonatal sepsis. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Neonatology of Bangabadhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2011 to June 2011. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS for windows version 12.0. 95% confidence limit was taken. Probability value <0.05 was considered as level of significance. Result: A total number of 100 patients were enrolled in this study and was categorized into two groups. One group was sepsis group which was taken as case and another one was the non-sepsis group which was taken as control group. In sepsis group male and female were in 51.3% and 48.7% respectively, febrile illness in the mother within 2 weeks prior to delivery was present in 33.3% cases and absent in 66.7% cases (p=0.001). In sepsis group rupture of maternal amniotic membranes >18 hours was present in 70.5% and absent in 29.5% (p=0.001). In sepsis group prolonged .......................