ABSTRACT
The meaning of stunting is not limited to children being shorter than their peers, where the meaning is more than that. Stunted children are prone to disease. Stunting children is a widely accepted predictor of poor quality of human resources, which in turn reduces a nation's productive capacity in the future. The aim of the research is to examine the structural model of the quality of life of stunted children using a partial least squares modeling approach in Kupang City to accelerate improving the quality of human resources. The research was designed cross-sectionally using a stratified sampling procedure, carried out using stratification and cluster techniques. Two sub-districts were randomly selected and obtained, namely Oesapa sub-district in the working area of the Oesapa Community Health Center representing the coastal ecosystem zone, and Sikumana sub-district in the Sikumana Community Health Center working area representing the plain ecosystem zone. In each ecosystem zone, 50 households were systematically selected that had stunted toddlers. Thus, as many as 100 stunting households were involved. The information data collected are: characteristics of the social ecosystem (environment), food security, mother's parenting patterns, housing environment sanitation, disease control efforts, nutritional intake, nutritional status, incidence of illness and quality of life for children under five. Data collection techniques were structured interviews, measurements, observations and group discussions. Data analysis using smartPLS-based structural equation modeling. The research results show that the quality of life of stunted children in Kupang City, both in the coastal ecosystem zone and the plain ecosystem zone is in normal status. Maternal parenting factors have a significant direct effect on improving the quality of life of stunted children with a large role reaching 45%; Meanwhile, social ecosystem (environmental) characteristics, food security and ..............

ABSTRACT
Background: A factor that contributes to the poor health of both the mother and the fetus is Anemia. Pregnant women must therefore receive prenatal care that includes the identification and management of Anemia properly. Case Presentation: This case report provides an analysis of the pregnancy circumstances of Mrs. R, a 22-year-old housewife from a middle-class socioeconomic background, who is anticipating her first child. From the pregnancy data obtained, Mrs. R experienced anemia, supported by supporting examinations of hemoglobin levels. The management provided included iron supplementation and the consumption of beetroot, which has been proven to be an effective food to increase hemoglobin levels. At 40 weeks of pregnancy with no signs of labor, it was recommended to engage in sexual intercourse to stimulate contractions and undergo oxytocin massage at 40 weeks and 4 days of pregnancy. The parturition process ultimately took place at 40 weeks 5 days of gestation, spontaneously. The total duration of the first stage of labor was 22 hours, the second stage was 2 hours, the third stage was 11 minutes, and the fourth stage was 2 hours. The baby was born spontaneously, cried loudly, weighed 3,600 grams, and showed a cranial deformity, specifically asymmetric head shape. There were no complications during labor and the postpartum period. Although Mrs. R is deeply committed to maintaining a healthy pregnancy, managing the Anemia that was detected in the early stages of the pregnancy presents a formidable challenge. Through her scrupulous observance of monthly prenatal examinations and regular administration of blood supplement tablets and additional multivitamins, Mrs. R effectively controlled her Anemia, thereby facilitating the successful culmination of the delivery procedure. Conclusion: Accurate evaluation of anemia during pregnancy is crucial for the proper treatment of anemia. In Indonesia, the effective treatment of severe anemia necessitates ......

ABSTRACT
Background: The contraceptives usage among pupils remains a topical issue globally, regionally and locally. Zambia is underpinned by Christian principles and values and despite that, the country continues to record high levels of unplanned pregnancies among pupils and this hampers the education of a girl child. The study has established that most pupils are sexually active and this puts them at a higher risk of getting unplanned pregnancies and consequently dropping out of School. Objective: The study aimed at investigating the “Factors Affecting Contraceptive Usage Among Pupils in Selected Secondary Schools within Chingola District, Zambia”. Methods and Materials: The study used a cross- sectional study design in which 52 pupils from Chingola and Sekela Secondary Schools were included in a study. The study employed semi-questionnaires and interview guides. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. Chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between independent and dependent variables. Conclusion: The study has revealed that pupils are at a higher risk of unplanned pregnancies as well as sexually transmitted diseases despite them having knowledge of contraceptives usage. The study has also indicated that 63.5% of pupils were aware of the existence of contraceptives and their functions as a means of prevention of pregnancies. Therefore, there is need of deliberate move by Ministry of Health through District Health offices to promote accessibility to various methods of contraceptives by pupils especially those in Secondary Schools who are sexually active.