ABSTRACT
In the present times the multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria has become widespread all over the World and has increased the rate of mortality in the patients. Pseudomanas aeruginosa colonizes in the intensive care units (ICU’s) of the hospitals and is the reason behind health care associated infections. Pseudomonas infection further increases the chances of morbidity and mortality in the patients. In this study we explored the antimicrobial nature of Holarrhena pubescens also known as Kurchi on the MDR strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The antimicrobial nature of extract of the leaves of Kurchi was studied by Micro dilution test and then minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value was calculated by serial dilution in Mueller Hinton Broth. The ethanolic extract showed antimicrobial property with MIC value of 6.25mg/ml in case of MDR strain of Pseudomonas. Further synergy test was done using the antibiotics Meropenem and Polymyxin B to check if the ethanolic extract of the leaves could increase the inhibitory property of these antibiotics against the infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It was found that there was slight increase in the efficacy of the antibiotics against the MDR strain when it was combined with the ethanolic leaf exteact of Holarrhena pubescens. Thus this antimicrobial nature of Holarrhena pubescens can be further used in the field of pharmacy to develop more efficient drugs agains MDR strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

ABSTRACT
Background/ Objective: plants that function primarily to maintain individual health and improve the quality of life throughout the year. a traditional plant as traditional medicine is dragon tail leaves (R. pinnata (L.f.) Schott.). Therefore, this review aims to share reports and provide a comprehensive explanation of the phytochemical and pharmacological activities of (R. pinnata (L.f.) Schott.). Methods: evaluation shared facts in the literature on phytochemical activity and pharmacological activity (R. pinnata (L.f.) Schott.) through 2012-2022. Three bibliographical databases were used to obtain the main report (Pubmed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar). The keywords in this search were “Pharmacology”, “Phytochemicals”, “(R. pinnata (L.f.) Schott.)” and “Bioactive compounds”. Results: a total of 17 studies classified as this evaluation fulfilled the criteria, 8 included and 9 included pharmacological.R. pinnata (L.f.) Schott contains phenolics, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, triterpenoids/steroids, and saponins. A series of pharmacological studies have reported on the plant R. pinnata (L.f.) Schott has the effect of Anticancer, Anticancer breast, Antibacterial, Antimutagenic, burns, Analgesic, anti hyperuricemia, and antihyperglycemia. Conclusions: Recent interest in traditional medicine from plants R. pinnata (L.f.) Schott exhibits potential activity against pharmacological effects associated with the presence of pure bioactive compounds.

ABSTRACT
Nanotechnology serves as a new approach in the treatment of many diseases which has very large number in the morbidity and mortality. Biosensing and molecular imaging assisted with nanotechnology helps in identifying and diagnosis of many diseases. These nanomaterials also helps in the targeted drug delivery to the specific region. The existence of nanomaterials have become increased over the period of 40 years. Nanoparticles helps in the diagnosis of several diseases especially detection of cancer biomarkers. This technology also has a greater ability in the management of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, autoimmune diseases, skin diseases, renal diseases, tuberculosis and cancer. It also extended its application to targeted drug delivery, diagnosis and pharmacogenetics to individualize the treatment options for several diseases and disorder. Apart from this, nanoparticles also showed more efficiency for antimicrobial, antifungal and antiviral therapies. Nanotechnology has greater applications in the medical and pharmaceutical field due to its unique characteristics. Due to their smaller size, these nanomaterials have the ability to penetrate deeper into the biological tissues or skin and can elicit their therapeutic activities. Nanotechnology extended its application in the recent pandemic COVID-19 by the production of vaccines using lipid nanoparticles and also conquered the difficulties faced by the normal drug delivery systems. In this article, we can discuss about the various types and applications of nanotechnology.

ABSTRACT
Quercetin is a polyphenol derived from many fruits and vegetables which is known for its antioxidant, anti-hypertensive and anti-inflammatory properties. This comes under the class flavonoids. Polyphenols consists of many phenol structures in it and is not synthesized in the human body. These polyphenols exhibit its anti-oxidative effects by stimulating the anti-oxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase and catalase. Quercetin is present in many plant based substances such as onion, apple, broccoli, hypericum, cherries, green tea and etc. Quercetin as many therapeutic effects such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-aging. It also plays significant role in many diseases and disorders such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, anxiety, depression, neurodegenerative disorders, Huntington’s disease and cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, etc. Quercetin up regulates the enzyme Sirtuin 1, is an enzyme which is also present in many plant based substances. This Sirtuin 1 also plays a pivotal role in the many age-related diseases and disorders. The primary objective of this article is to study the therapeutic effects of quercetin and its role in controlling the major age-related diseases and disorders based on several studies. This article also highlights the potential bio enhancer property of quercetin in many class of drugs such as anti-viral, anti-hypertensive, anti-fungal, anti-tuberculosis and anti-cancer drugs.

ABSTRACT
Medical Laboratory Science (MLS) is a vital component of the health care system that provides diagnostic services and contributes to medical research. In India, MLS has been evolving rapidly in terms of technology, education, regulation, and quality. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current status and future prospects of MLS in India, with a focus on the challenges and opportunities faced by the professionals and stakeholders involved in this field. The historical development and scope of MLS in India is described, highlighting the various roles and responsibilities of MLS professionals in different settings. Further, the current trends and innovations in MLS, such as molecular diagnostics, point-of-care testing, automation, and role of artificial intelligence are discussed. The major challenges and gaps are highlighted that need to be addressed to improve the quality, accessibility, affordability, and sustainability of MLS services and infrastructure in India, such as the lack of standardization, regulation, accreditation, recognition, training, and research. Moreover, the opportunities and initiatives that can enhance the capacity and contribution of MLS services in India are mentioned, such as the adoption of new technologies, innovations, and best practices; the strengthening of human resources, education, and collaboration; the development of ethical and legal frameworks; and the creation of an enabling environment for MLS innovation and adoption. The paper intends to provide a comprehensive overview of the emerging landscape of MLS in India and to inspire further research and discussion on this topic.