ABSTRACT
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to determine the normal hematological values and those of some biochemical parameters of the students of the city of Gagnoa (Côte d’Ivoire). Design et Methods: The study was conducted in 184 adolescents (94 girls and 90 boys), aged 11 to 18 years old, recruited in moderne high schools of Gagnoa. The hematological values were determined using an automatic analyzer (Sysmex XP3000, France). The concentrations of biochemical parameters (albumin, protein total, cholesterol total, triglycerides, calcium, magnesium, chloride, potassium and sodium) were determined by spectrophotometer (KENZA MAX BioChemis Try, France) on the venous blood samples were taken from the fold of the elbow with an empty stomach. The results were treated with the statistical analysis software XLSTAT-PRO 7.1. 2018. Results: The median values of red blood cells were 4.5,106/µL (girls) and 4.9,106/µL (boys). The median values of hemoglobin in girls was 12.3 g/dL and among boys was 13 g/dL. The median values of hematocrit girls was 35.9 % and boys was 38 %. The median values MCV were 79.3 fL (girls) and 77 fL (boys). The median values of MCH were 27.6 pg/cell among girls and 26.9 pg/cell among boys. The median values of MCHC girls 34.5 g/dL and boys 34.8 g/dL. The médians values of white blood cells were 6.1.103/µL among girls and 5.8.103/µL among boys. The median values of granulocyte were 2.2,103/µL among girls and 2.4, 103/µL among bboys. The median values of lymphocytes among girls and boys were the same (3,103/µL). The median values of monocyte were 0.7, 103/µL among girls and 0.6 103/µL in boys. The median values of platelet among girls and boys were equal to 247,103/µL and 242,103/µL. The median valeues of protein total among girls and boys were 68 g/L and 69 g/L. The median values of albumin were respectively 47 g/L and 45.7 g/L among girls and boys. The median values of cholesterol total in girls and boys were the same (1.3 g/L). The median values .....

ABSTRACT
Chemical poisoning is a threat to the health of both children and adults in the Niger Delta region. Nevertheless, the study of the prevalence of poisoning has been undermined in Bayelsa state. Chemical poisoning remains an important health concern in Nigeria, especially in the south-south Niger Delta states which are rich in natural fuel. Information on the prevalence in the Niger Delta region is quite scarce, especially in Bayelsa state. The study investigated the risk factors, awareness, and perception of chemical poisoning, and the prevalence among residents of Amassoma and Yenagoa. A descriptive research employed systematic random sampling of 400 residents from Amassoma and Yenagoa from ages 15 years and above, by administering questionnaires and, collecting data. Data were analyzed using SPSS software utilizing ANOVA. The percentage of awareness of chemical poisoning is 28.4% and the majority of the respondents are educated at the tertiary level with a percentage of 51.5%. The female gender was more with a percentage of 51.0%. Among the signs and symptoms of chemical poisoning, nausea or stomach upset has a percentage of 74.6% being the highest percentage, and stomach cramps have a percentage of 72.9% while having a percentage of 56.7%. About 95.5% of respondents concurred to contacting qualified healthcare providers when poisoning is suspected and 93.8% agreed to keep all chemicals out of reach of children as a preventive measure. It can be concluded that the overall prevalence of chemical poisoning is quite low though used intentionally in young adults for suicide. It can also be said that there is proper awareness of the preventive measures for unintentional poisoning.

ABSTRACT
Background: Metabolic acidosis is a common complication in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) that accelerates disease progression and worsens overall health outcomes. Objective: This study compares the safety and effectiveness of sodium citrate and sodium bicarbonate in treating metabolic acidosis in CKD patients to determine the optimal therapeutic approach. Method: A prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted at the Department of Anesthesiology and ICU, Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from October 2023 to September 2024. A total of 132 CKD patients with metabolic acidosis were randomly assigned to two groups: Group A (66 patients) received sodium citrate, and Group B (66 patients) received sodium bicarbonate. Safety, efficacy, and acid-base balance were monitored over 12 months. Results: Both sodium citrate and sodium bicarbonate significantly improved serum bicarbonate levels and reduced blood acidity. In Group A, 85% of patients showed a 50% reduction in acidemia, compared to 78% in Group B. However, Group A demonstrated superior gastrointestinal tolerance (10% side effects) compared to Group B (25% side effects). Sodium citrate also improved bone health markers, with a 15% improvement in calcium levels, while sodium bicarbonate patients had a 10% increase. However, sodium bicarbonate was more cost-effective. Conclusions: Sodium citrate appears to be more effective and better tolerated than sodium bicarbonate in treating metabolic acidosis in CKD patients, though cost considerations may influence therapeutic choices.