ABSTRACT
Primarily, sleep allows the brain to recover and regenerate. In view of this, central nervous system disorders are the most common effects that result from sleep loss or prolonged periods of wakefulness since the system most benefits from sleep. Therefore, this increases the risk of schizoaffective disorders such as mania and bipolar disorder. This research was therefore designed to investigate the possible anti-manic and anxiolytic effect of minocycline in mice exposed to sleep deprivation. Twenty-four mice were grouped into four of six animals each (n=6) and orally treated with 10 mL/kg distilled water, 25 or 50 mg/kg minocycline. Treatment was scheduled for 7 days and three out of the four groups were subjected to the sleep deprivation protocol which lasted for 3 days. Afterwards, all groups were subjected to behavioural tests to evaluate anxiety-like behaviour. Subsequently, histology of selected brain regions was carried out. Experimental data were analysed using one-way ANOVA with statistical significance of p<0.05. The results obtained suggested that minocycline ameliorated the manic-like behaviour in mice caused by sleep deprivation. This study therefore concluded that minocycline can be classified as an anxiolytic and anti-manic agent in mice exposed to sleep-deprivation.

ABSTRACT
Background: Typhoid fever, a potentially fatal multisystem illness which is due to infection by Salmonella typhi, is an important health problem in many developing countries including Bangladesh. Investigators from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimate that there are 21.6 million typhoid cases annually, with the annual incidence varying from 100 to 1000 cases per 100 000 population. Objective: To evaluate the effect of ethanol extract of camellia sinensis on salmonella typhi infection in adult male rats. Materials and Methods: Type of study: This was an experimental study. Duration of study: September 2014-February 2016. Place of study: Department of Pharmacology, BSMMU, Shahbag, Dhaka, Department of Microbiology, BSMMU, Shahbag, Dhaka, Department of Clinical Pathology, BSMMU, Shahbag, Dhaka, Department of Chemistry, Dhaka University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Materials: Animals: 84 adult male Long Evan’s Norwegian rats were obtained from the animal house of BSMMU. Sample Size Estimation: So, we took six groups and 10 rats in each group. The groups were: Control group (I), Rat infected with S. typhi (II), Rat infected with S. typhi then treated with ethanolic leaf extracts of CAS (III), Rat given ethanolic extracts of CAS only (IV), Rat infected with S. typhi then treated with ciprofloxacin (V), Rat infected with S. typhi then treated with both ciprofloxacin and ethanolic extracts of CAS (VI). Adult male rats were taken for this experiment. The number of rat for each group were 10 (n=10). Methodology: Preparation of ethanol extract of C. sinensis Linn: Home processing Black and Green tea (C. sinensis) was published by the college of Tropical Agriculture and Human resources (2007) which was supported in part by the USDA, agricultural Research Service’s pacific Basin, Agricultural Research center and the Department of Research and Development, County of Hawai’I, Japan. i) Collection of C. sinensis leaves: Harvest 10 kg of fresh tea shoots from ..........

ABSTRACT
The main objective of the present work to established the fingerprint profile of S.hispida using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) technique. Preliminary phytochemical screening was done and HPTLC studies were carried out. The scanning was performed using 'CAMAG' densitometer scanner 3V equipped with CATS3 software, at a wavelength of 400 and 254 nm using deuterium lamp.Preliminary phytochemical screening of the methanolic extract S.hispida showed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, phenols, tannins, flavanoids, gums and mucilage. HPTLC finger printing of S.hispida methanolic extract showed best results in Toluene: Ethyl Acetate: Formic acid: 5:4:1 solvent system. After scanning and visualizing the plates in absorbance mode at 254nm, 366 nm and visible light range (400-600nm after spraying with anisaldehyde sulphuric acid reagent) best results were shown at 400nm. The Rf values ranged from 0.06 to 0.99. The result showed that out of 15 components, the component with Rf values 0.95, 0.82 were found to be more predominant as the percentage area is more with 28.85% and 12.91% respectively.