ABSTRACT
Physical growth in infants and toddlers is often used as an indicator in measuring nutritional status. Parents and caregivers are very influential in the nutritional state of children. Children under five who have abnormal nutritional status have immune systems that can weaken, so they are susceptible to infectious diseases such as diarrhea and fever, and can also experience anemia. This research was conducted at the Oesapa Health Center. This research is analytic observational research design with a cross sectional approach. The number of respondents is 93 people taken using the technique simple random sampling. Retrieval of data using a questionnaire. From the results of statistical tests using Chi Square, it was found that there was a relationship between a history of chronic infection and the anthropometric index of TB/U toddler aged 0-59 months (p=0.021) and there was a relationship between a history of chronic infection and the anthropometric index of BB/TB toddler 0-59 month (0.001). The interventions carried out are providing education, counseling or leaflets to pregnant women, mothers who have babies under five regarding the problem of stunting and wasting, fostering Posyandu cadres to provide counseling on stunting, wasting, nutritional knowledge, maternal parenting and environmental hygiene and height measurement bodies routinely at posyandu activities every month to monitor the nutritional status of children at height/age on a regular basis.

ABSTRACT
Gnetum africanum is one of the most consumed NTFPs in Brazzaville. These leaves are rich in water (51.37%). The titratable acidity is 0.78%. The lipid, protein, carbohydrate and fiber contents are respectively: 7.34%, 16.61%, 17.95% and 36.70%. The ash content is 6.73%. Among the ions identified, we have: Iron: 0.014%, Calcium: 0.96%, Magnesium: 0.44% and Phosphorus 0.25%. The calculated energy value gives 204.28 Kcal/ 100g. The leaves of G. africanum studied are a good source of dietary fiber and minerals.

ABSTRACT
Saltpeter has been traditionally used as a curing agent for meat in East Nusa Tenggara Province of Indonesia. It creates a good red color for meat; however, it has carcinogen potency. Angkak (red yeast rice) may be able to replace the coloring role of saltpeter it can reduce the cholesterol of meat. This research has been designed to evaluate the effect of reducing saltpeter in combination with different concentrations of angkak on total cholesterol, nitrite content, color, and organoleptic of traditional smoked beef “Se’i”. The research has been designed using Simple Randomized Design with a 3x3 factorial pattern, i.e. Three levels of angkak (2%, 2.5%, and 3%) and saltpeter levels (100 ppm, 200 ppm, and 300 ppm). For control, a combination of 500 ppm saltpeter was only applied to Se’i. All treatments were replicated 4 times. The results show no interaction effect of treatments on total cholesterol, nitrite, Hunter value of L*, a* and b* of Se’i. Total cholesterol and lightness (L*) values of combination-treated se’i were lower than the control. The optimal values of L* (lightness) and a* (red or positive) were obtained at se’i with 200 ppm saltpeter and 2.5% angkak combination with good taste and low nitrite level (<0.25 ppm); while angkak note is still noticeable. Therefore, it is recommended to use this combination to reduce the use of saltpeter in se’i.

ABSTRACT
This study investigated the chemical composition of two mistletoe leaves for its ascribed folkloric medicinal uses. The mistletoe leaves used for this research was harvested from Neem plant and Fig plant. Proximate analyses, phytochemical screening, Elemental and antioxidant analysis were carried out on both leaves. Alkaloids, saponin, cardioglycosides, Flavonoids, and steroids varied between mistletoe leaves obtained from Neem and fig trees. Saponins, steroids, and cardio glycosides have higher values in mistletoe of Neem. The concentration of Calcium, magnesium and potassium were high in the mistletoe of Neem. Copper, sodium and chromium was not detected in mistletoe of Fig, while it is present in low concentration in the mistletoe of Neem. The differences in the levels of 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl hydrate in the two botanicals under investigation revealed that Mistletoe of Neem has superior antioxidant properties compared to Mistletoe of fig. Mistletoe of Neem contain higher quantities of most of the secondary metabolites therefore, it may be of more pharmacological and nutritional value than mistletoe on fig, thus could have more medicinal and industrial values.

ABSTRACT
Diet therapy plays an important role in the treatment of liver diseases as a component for faster recovery of the liver and restoration of its normal function. This study was carried out to reduce ascites and paracentesis frequency needs by improving nutritional status. The ascitic patients were chosen from Gastroenterology Center in Babylon governorate that admitted for paracentesis (convenient sample). A diet regimen was given to the participants. The effect of this regimen on frequency of paracentesis, drained fluids’ amount, liver enzymes, Total Serum Bilirubin, Blood Urea Nitrogen, Serum Albumin, and Prothrombin Time was tested by student’s T test. There was a significant reduction in paracentesis frequency, Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase, Total Serum Bilirubin, and Plasma Albumin (p = 0.03, p = 0.03, p = 0.04, and 0.03 respectively). In conclusion, diet regimen showed a positive change on improving cirrhotic liver patients.