ABSTRACT
Sembung (Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC) is a drug that is widely used for treatment in various countries such as Indonesia, China, the Philippines and other countries. In Indonesia it has various other names, in West Sumatra it is called Capo leaf and sembung. In China it is better known as ainiaxing. Sembung is used as an ancient medical medicine. It has many uses, namely for antioxidants, for wound healing, antibacterial, anti-malarial, as well as xanthine oxidase inhibitors. Antioxidants are inhibitors in the oxidation process so that they can protect cells from the dangers of free radical.

ABSTRACT
This study evaluated the effect of the administrations of ethanol extract of Pterocarpus erinaceus leaves and potassium bromate respectively and in combination on serum electrolytes, total protein, lipid profile and haematological parameters in albino rats. The experimental animals were divided into four groups: Group A (control) was administered water, group B were administered 200 mg/kg potassium bromate, group C were administered 200 mg/kg P. erinaceus extract and group D were administered a combined dose of 200 mg/kg potassium bromate and 200 mg/kg of P. erinaceus extract, all the administrations were done orally and continued daily for 21 days. It was observed in this study that potassium bromate decreased bicarbonate ion in the serum while the administration of P. erinaceus extract alone and in combination with potassium bromate increased bicarbonate ion in the serum. Rats administered with potassium bromate exhibited slight symptoms of toxicity while the Pterocarpus erinaceus leave extract showed a strong preventive effect against some biomarkers of cardiovascular damage. Groups administered the combined dose of potassium bromate and the extract showed a uniform percentage increase in white blood cell, lymphocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume accompanied by a decrease in red blood cells and platelet. The research reaffirmed the negative food safety impact associated with the consumption of potassium bromate, the ameliorative effect of the ethanol extract of P. erinaceus and its potential in preventing cardiovascular diseases.

ABSTRACT
Gandarussa plant (Justicia gendarussa Burm.F.) was a herbal plant that contains chemical compounds such as alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, polyphenols, essential oils, tannins and steroids. The presence of these chemical compounds can be used as medicinal ingredients, namely headaches, rheumatism and sprains. Justicia gendarussa Burm.F. has long been used as an anti-inflammatory and pharmacologically, this plant has been reported that have antibacterial, analgesic, anthelmintic, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-HIV, toxicity, sedative hypnotic and male contraception drugs.

ABSTRACT
Abstract: Introduction: Despite many awareness programs conducted by the governments and other agencies, there are certain false beliefs among the general public of India towards transmission, prevention and treatment of COVID-19. This study is aimed to assess the knowledge and beliefs of general public of India on COVID-19. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between 20th March and 15th April 2020. A 17-item questionnaire was developed, validated, and used for the study. The questionnaire was randomly distributed among the public using Google forms. Descriptive analysis was performed to represent the study characteristics, Chi-square test for assessing the associations among the study variables, and logistic regression analysis for identifying the factors influencing the beliefs. Results: A total of 462 participants with a mean (SD) age of 30.66 (11.31) years were responded to the questionnaire. It was found that participants had good knowledge on basic aspects of COVID-19. However, considerable fraction of participants was having false beliefs towards transmission of new coronavirus, and prevention & treatment of COVID-19. It was observed that the participants who were aged 31-60 years and >60 years, education level of intermediate or diploma and high school certificate, and occupation as unskilled worker had more of false beliefs towards COVID-19 compared to their counterparts. Conclusion: The overall knowledge on COVID-19 was good enough among the general public of India, still there is need of education to avoid the false beliefs especially among the people who are elderly, having low level of education, and non-professional workers.