ABSTRACT
A stable marriage is crucial for establishment of a prosperous community, but this depends on psychological well-being of the couples. This study investigated the levels of psychological well-being among couples in selected parishes in the Catholic Archdiocese of Nairobi (CAN), Kenya. The study was guided by Adlerian Theory and employed concurrent convergent mixed methods research design. The target population was 19,828 Catholic faithful, who have exchanged their marital vows in CAN within the last 5 to 25 years. A sample of 784 married men and women were selected by multistage sampling and used as respondents. The psychological well-being questionnaire was used to collect data, which were analyzed descriptively using frequency counts and percentages. Findings revealed that psychological well-being of the married couples was in three levels thus low, moderate and high. It is recommended that policy should be made by the government of Kenya through the office of the Attorney general by formulating a legal framework to ensure all newly married couples are trained on various aspects of psychological well-being so as to ensure stable marriage.

ABSTRACT
The level of marital stability among members of a given community is important in determining the future generations of that community. This study investigated the levels of marital stability among couples in selected parishes in the Catholic Archdiocese of Nairobi (CAN), Kenya. The study was guided by the Emotion Focused Theory and employed concurrent convergent mixed methods research design. The study targeted a population of 19,828 Catholic faithful in the research area, who have exchanged their marital vows therein within the last 5 to 25 years. From these, sample of 784 married men and women were selected by multistage sampling thus census, proportionate quota and simple random sampling techniques. Data was collected using the marital Stability Questionnaire, whose resultant data was analyzed descriptively using frequency counts and percentages. Findings indicated that the marital stability of respondents in the research area was in three levels thus low, moderate and high. The study recommends that the office of the attorney general should formulate policy to ensure all newly married couples are sensitized on various aspects of marital stability before issuing them with marriage certificates.

ABSTRACT
This study examine the comparability of item statistics generated from the frameworks of classical test theory (CTT) and 2-parameter model of item response theory (IRT). A 40-item Physics Achievement Test was developed and administered to 600 senior secondary school two students, who were randomly selected from 12 senior secondary schools in Taraba State, Nigeria. Results showed that item statistics obtained from both frameworks were relatively similar. However, item statistics obtained from IRT 2-parameter model looked balanced than those from CTT. In addition, for item selection process, IRT 2-parameter model retained more items than CTT model. This result implies that test developers and public examining bodies should integrate IRT model into their test development processes. Through IRT model, test constructors would be able to generate stable items than in the CTT model used at present and at the end, the test scores of examinees will be more reliably estimated.

ABSTRACT
This paper is based on a literature review on caregiver burden, quality of life family caregivers, and how to improve the quality of life of family caregivers for the person with mental illness. Studies have shown that caregivers of people with mental illness experience an enormous burden while providing care for their relatives with mental illness. This burden often leads to psychological distress and a high prevalence of psychological morbidity among family caregivers. Various factors influence the burden experienced by caregivers of individuals with mental illness. Studies have identified several key factors that contribute to caregiver burden, shedding light on the complex interplay of elements that impact the well-being of caregivers. To maintain and improve the quality of life the prevention and treatment of caregiver burden for persons with mental illness can be addressed through various strategies and interventions.

ABSTRACT
Introduction: The rise of deviant teenage behavior arouses emotions to learn from events. The wrong path chosen results in subsequent suffering. immediately realizing mistakes and learning from mistakes is necessary for future life improvement. Method: The historical method consists of four stages, namely heuristics, external criticism and internal criticism, interpretation, and historiography of a person's life beyond a very long period of events from the research subject so that it can be analyzed in the context of behavioral data that needs attention. Discussion: If you find teenagers who are lazy about school and often go out with the opposite sex when asking to get married, they should just marry them so they don't get into adultery and illicit relationships. Conclution: If teenagers who are starting to get to know the opposite sex don't want to go to school and have difficulty being motivated to go to school, it's better to just get married.

ABSTRACT
The study examined the impact of counseling measurements models for safety in school and other contexts in University of Cross River University (UNICROSS), Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. Two null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The study adopted the ex-post facto research design. The population of the study consisted of 3,800 students and staff of the University within Calabar campus. The stratified random sampling technique was used to select 208 students and staff from a population of 3800 using proportionality of 1.12% with students and staff as basis of stratification from the population. The sample of this study was two hundred and eight (208) respondents. The questionnaire was designed to measure the two sub-independent variables. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while Simple linear regression analysis statistical tool was employed to test the null hypotheses that were formulated to guild the study at 0.05 level of significance. The findings showed that, there is a significant influence of counseling measurements models on safety in school and other contexts in University of Cross River University (UNICROSS), Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria; and Counseling measurements models significantly predict accurate decision making in school and other contexts. It was therefore recommended among others that counseling measurements should be carried out after every counseling session for accurate decision making to ensure safety in school and other contexts.

ABSTRACT
Tanzania lags behind in the course of ending stigma and discrimination against persons born with intersex variations. To date, the Tanzania Government has not enacted any law outlawing cosmetic surgeries, stigma and discrimination against persons born with intersex variations as per demands and calls from, among others, The First African Intersex Meeting, 2017 and The African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights, 2023. Undoubtedly, this legal/policy silence is not at all unprejudiced. It facilitates harmful practices to take place unnoticed and uncontrolled. Primary and specialized healthcare providers, parents, traditional and religious leaders, therefore, continue performing harmful normalization surgeries and treatment, tradition-led mutilations and killings of infants and children born with intersex variations. In this context, I use scanty evidence available in the country and experience from other parts of the globe to highlight on what parents, guardians and communities should know and do to care and protect infants and children born with intersex variations’ human and citizenship rights in Tanzania. I recommend parents, guardians and community members to better understand who infants and children born with intersex variations are and their (health) needs. Intersex variations are not disorders requiring immediate or emergency (medical) interventions. ‘Normalization’ surgeries should wait until the children are mature enough to make informed consent to alter their physical appearances. Whenever possible, parents and guardians should seek, share support and correct intersex information from parents/guardians with similar experiences and adult persons born with intersex variations, media, internet and intersex-led groups and organizations and institutions within and outside Tanzania. Importantly, parents, guardians, persons born with intersex variations, intersex movements, activists and persons born with intersex variations-led organizations should ........