ABSTRACT
Objective: To examine how the various existing health systems are represented in the health areas and in the health districts in the management of cardiovascular disease in Yaounde, Cameroon. It describes the taxonomy of health systems and meaning of CVDs in the community. It explains the different types of health systems which includes: biomedical, faith-healing and the African traditional health system which has eventually influenced their lifestyle and their therapeutic choices. It does an elaboration of the cultural representations of health systems and CVDs by members of the community. Drawing on the perspectives of medical anthropology, this study explores the cultural meanings, local beliefs, social relations, economic conditions, and therapeutic practices attached to cardiovascular diseases and to examine the social determinants influencing disease occurrence, interpretation, prevention, and treatment among the Biyem Assi - Yaoundé of Northwest Cameroon. Methodology: Using a qualitative ethnographic approach, data were collected through semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and documentary analysis. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have emerged as a major public health challenge worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries undergoing rapid epidemiological and socio-economic transitions. In Biyem-Assi District at Yaounde, increasing rates of hypertension, stroke, and heart disease have highlighted the importance of understanding the sociocultural contexts in which these conditions develop. Results: The findings reveal that cardiovascular diseases are not perceived solely as biological disorders but are understood through a complex framework that incorporates social stress, family conflicts, economic hardship, spiritual forces, and cultural interpretations of bodily imbalance. Furthermore, poverty, nutritional transitions, limited access to healthcare, and psychosocial stress emerge as significant determinants of cardiovascular vul

ABSTRACT
The application of artificial intelligence in teaching Grade 3 Mathematics in line with a competency-based approach, aiming to improve the effectiveness of teaching and learning in primary schools, is a topic of considerable interest among education administrators, experts, educators, and teachers. Accordingly, this study clarifies several key concepts, contents, methods, and processes for integrating artificial intelligence into the teaching of Grade 3 Mathematics with a view to fostering student competencies. This effort is intended to keep pace with global trends in innovation, open up opportunities to improve the quality of education, and meet the requirements of student competency development in the era of digital transformation.

ABSTRACT
This study aims to analyze the role of the Women and Children Empowerment Unit (PPA) of the Madiun City Police in handling cases of sexual violence against children, as well as the factors that influence the effectiveness of its implementation. The study employed an empirical legal method with a qualitative approach. Primary data were obtained through interviews with the Head of the PPA Unit and investigators from the PPA Unit, supported by observations and documentation, while secondary data were sourced from relevant laws and regulations and literature. The results indicate that the PPA Unit plays a role in receiving reports, conducting investigations, providing victim support, and coordinating with relevant institutions. The effectiveness of carrying out these roles is influenced by legal factors, law enforcement, resources and facilities, the community, and culture. Although regulations have provided an adequate legal foundation, limitations in human resources and facilities, as well as social stigma, remain obstacles to victim protection. Strengthening the capacity of officials, supporting facilities, and interagency coordination is necessary to improve the effectiveness of protecting child victims of sexual violence.

ABSTRACT
Riwaya ya kimajaribio imekuwa na ugumu wa usimbuaji wa maana. Hali hii inatokana na riwaya hizi kuhusisha vipengele vingi vilivyo chagamani. Aidha, vipengele hivi vimekuwa vichocheo vya kujenga maana fiche. Miongoni mwa kipengele cha msingi cha kisanaa katika ujenzi wa maana fiche ni wahusika. Nagona ni riwaya ya kimajaribio iliyotumia kipengele cha wahusika kwa umahiri ili kuficha maana ndani yake. Data za utafiti huu zilizokushanywa maktabani kwa mbinu ya usomaji makini. Uchambuzi wake ulitumia Nadharia ya Semiotiki kupitia msimbo wa kiishara. Matokeo yanaonesha kuwa, riwaya ya Nagona imetumia wahusika wa kiitikadi, wahusika jumui na wahusika wa kisasili katika kujenga maana fiche. Wahusika wa kiitikadi wanadokeza kuhusu Nabii na Mtume kama wajumbe waliokuja na neno lenye uhusiano kutoka kwa Mungu mmoja. Pia, wanaonesha kuwa, wanafalsafa wa kidunia wamekuwa ni kikwanzo cha kufikia ukweli wa imani juu ya Mungu wa mbingu na aridhi. Wahusika jumii wanadokeza viongozi wa kijamii wanavyoshiriki katika kuendeleza ukoloni mamboleo katika jamii zao. Ama wahusika wa kisasili wanadokeza dhana ya ukweli, elimu na mji mtukufu ambao umekuwa na utata kuhusu nani anahaki zaidi ya kuumiliki. Wahusika hawa wamesawiriwa katika misingi ya kidhanaishi kutokana na mwingilianomatini katika vitabu vitakatifu vya Qur-ani na Biblia. Kutokana na hali hiy, maana nyingi zimejikita katika masuala ya kidini pamoja na nadharia za wanafalsafa. Makala hii inapendekeza kufanyika tafiti zaidi katika suala la kuangalia mitindo iliyotumika kusawiri wahusika wa kazi hizo. Pia, kutafiti ulinganashi wa usawiri wa wahusika katika kazi za mwandishi Kezilahabi na waandishi wengine wa kimajaribio.

ABSTRACT
Mathematical dyscalculia (MD) is a neurodevelopmental difficulty that compromises number sense, arithmetic fluency, and quantitative reasoning, constraining mastery-based progression within Kenya’s competency-based education (CBE) and undermining performance in mathematics and numeracy-intensive subjects such as science, economics, and technology. This systematic review synthesizes evidence on MD’s academic impact among senior school learners (14–18 years) in Kenyan public schools under CBE, focusing on awareness, diagnostic capacity, inclusive strategies, and teacher training. A PRISMA-aligned search covering 10 years was conducted across electronic databases, supplemented by reference and gray literature screening. Studies were independently screened, data were extracted using standardized forms, and methodological quality was appraised using the CASP. Given the study heterogeneity, the findings were narratively synthesized with descriptive summaries. The review identified significant system-readiness gaps: over 70% of schools lacked formal MD screening, while under 40% of senior teachers received training to identify or accommodate learners with MD. These deficiencies contributed to the delayed identification and inconsistent implementation of support, including multisensory instruction, personalized plans, visual aids, tutoring, and assistive technologies, especially in rural settings.

ABSTRACT
This study examines the magnitude of the effect of the KIP Kuliah scholarship on the academic achievement of students at Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Administrasi Karya Dharma Merauke (STIA KD Merauke), a private higher education institution in South Papua Province, Indonesia. The study is motivated by the persistently high cost of higher education relative to the financial capacity of many academically capable students, and by field indications that a substantial share of KIP Kuliah recipients at the institution have struggled to maintain their required grade point average despite receiving scholarship support. Employing a quantitative, causal-associative design, data were collected through a Likert-scale questionnaire administered as a census to all 81 KIP Kuliah recipients from the 2022, 2023, and 2024 cohorts, supplemented by institutional documentation and supporting interviews. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation, simple linear regression, the coefficient of determination, and the F-test, following instrument validity and reliability testing and classical assumption testing. The results show a positive and significant relationship between the KIP Kuliah scholarship and student academic achievement, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.553 and a regression equation of Y = 20.692 + 0.142X. The coefficient of determination indicates that the scholarship explains 30.6 percent of the variance in academic achievement, with the remaining 69.4 percent attributable to other factors. The F-test confirms the effect is statistically significant (F = 34.814 > F-table 3.96; Sig. = 0.001 < 0.05), leading to rejection of the null hypothesis. Interpreted through William Dunn's six policy-evaluation criteria, effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, equity, responsiveness, and appropriateness, the KIP Kuliah program at STIA KD Merauke is found to have been implemented well, though its effect on achievement operates alongside substantial unexplained variance linked to time ma

ABSTRACT
The preservation of urban cultural heritage is an important part of sustainable development, but the implementation of preservation policies still faces various institutional, resource, and coordination challenges among stakeholders. This study aims to analyze the implementation of Malang City Regulation No. 1 of 2018 on Cultural Heritage in the Kayutangan Heritage Area based on George C. Edwards III’s policy implementation model, as well as to identify the factors that support and hinder its implementation. The study employed a qualitative case study approach using purposive sampling to select informants comprising local government officials, heritage community members, business operators, building owners, and academics. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis, and subsequently analyzed using thematic analysis. The results indicate that policy implementation has proceeded fairly well due to relatively effective communication, the availability of human resources, the commitment of implementers, and institutional support. However, limited funding for conservation, insufficient technological support, suboptimal interagency coordination, and the absence of an integrated heritage area management body remain major obstacles. This study demonstrates that the effectiveness of policy implementation is determined not only by organizational factors, as proposed by Edwards III, but also by collaborative cultural heritage governance through institutional coordination, community participation, and multi-stakeholder partnerships. These findings have implications for strengthening the implementation of cultural heritage preservation policies while supporting the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 11.4.