ABSTRACT
This study aims to analyze the implementation of Batu City Regional Regulation No. 4 of 2023 concerning Regional Taxes and Levies, specifically in the restaurant tax sector, and to identify supporting and inhibiting factors in efforts to increase Regional Original Revenue (PAD). This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques such as in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted thematically based on the Van Meter and Van Horn public policy implementation model, which includes six main variables: policy standards and objectives, resources, implementing agent characteristics, inter-organizational communication, socio-political conditions, and implementer dispositions. The results show that the implementation of the restaurant tax policy in Batu City has been quite effective, supported by the use of tapping box technology, the preparation of targets based on academic studies, and a persuasive approach to business actors. However, several obstacles remain, such as suboptimal supervision of restaurants in non-central areas, system manipulation by some taxpayers, and limited coordination across regional apparatus organizations. New findings in this study include the enormous potential for PAD from the village culinary sector that has not been fully explored, and the effectiveness of participatory education models in improving tax compliance. This study recommends strengthening location-based data collection systems, increasing human resource capacity, expanding taxable objects, and fostering cross-sector synergy to support policy implementation. Thus, optimizing restaurant taxes can be an effective fiscal strategy for achieving regional fiscal independence in Batu City.

ABSTRACT
This paper examines the mythologies and ritual practices surrounding death and burial among the Mbum people of Cameroon, situating these customs within broader African traditional understandings of ‘good’ and ‘bad’ death. In Mbum-land, as in many African societies, burial in one’s ancestral homeland is viewed as sacred and essential for maintaining lineage continuity and ancestral connection. Perceptions of death are shaped by the deceased’s social standing, age, cause of death, and the moral judgment of their life’s conduct. The study employs a qualitative methodology, relying on both primary and secondary sources. Data was collected through oral interviews with traditional authorities, title holders, and community members, as well as researchers’ observations during funeral ceremonies. These primary accounts are complemented by a critical review of existing literature, including works by scholars such as J.S. Mbiti, Victor Turner, Tanto Talla and Arnold van Gennep. Drawing on this interdisciplinary approach, the paper argues that funeral mythologies in Mbum society are not merely ceremonial but constitute a crucial expression of indigenous epistemology, social cohesion, and moral order. These traditions, though increasingly impacted by Christian influences and Westernization, remain foundational to the Mbum cultural identity.

ABSTRACT
Leadership is a dynamic aspect of society which needs a multifaceted approach for effectiveness. In the church, especially the Adventist church in Nyanchwa Station, South Kenya Conference, young people are not fully involved in leadership, which poses a great challenge for the future management of the church. This calls for a need to research on Adventist church youth strategies for leadership to that would open ways on the inclusion of the young people in the managerial positions of the church. This study was informed by Contingency Leadership Theory (CLT) by Fielder, which informs that leadership depends on other contingent factors. The target population was 300 respondents with a sample size of 169 informants. Censors, purposive and simple random were used as sampling techniques for specific respondents. The study found that the involvement of young people in the leadership of the church is a complex and multifaceted affaire that needs diverse church strategies for its realization. It recommended the Adventist church in Nyanchwa Station to provide young people opportunities to enable them acquire leadership skills and experiences for the good of the church.

ABSTRACT
This study explored the internal dynamics of women's movements in South Sudan, focusing on the intersectionality of age, ethnicity, and class. The research aimed to understand how these intersecting identities shaped solidarity and fragmentation within the women's movement in the post-conflict context of South Sudan. The study employed a robust intersectional feminist framework, combining qualitative and quantitative methods to analyze data from in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and document analysis. The findings revealed that South Sudan's women's movements were characterized by a diverse array of organizations, networks, and informal groupings, reflecting the country's social and political landscape. However, the movements were also marked by significant challenges, including age-based divisions, ethnic divisions, and class divisions. The study showed that 65% of women under 35 felt systematically excluded from leadership positions, while 70% of women's organizations were based in urban areas, leaving rural areas underrepresented. Despite these challenges, the study identified moments of intersectional solidarity, particularly in campaigns against gender-based violence and community-level peace dialogues. These moments of solidarity were facilitated by the use of social media, traditional practices, and cultural events, which helped to build trust and foster a sense of community among women from different backgrounds. The study also highlighted the importance of addressing structural barriers to intersectional organizing, including resource scarcity, weak communication infrastructure, and security constraints. To address these barriers, the study recommended that women's organizations develop explicit policies for ensuring diverse representation, establish formal mentorship programs, and adopt power-sharing mechanisms that guaranteed meaningful representation from diverse ethnic communities. The research contributed to broader theoretical debates abou

ABSTRACT
Regional autonomy in Blitar City aims to accelerate the fulfillment of public interests through improved services, empowerment, and community participation. This study seeks to describe and analyze the transformational leadership of local government officials in the Tetangga Keren Program in Blitar City and to identify the factors influencing such leadership. The research method employed is a qualitative approach, defined as a process of generating explanations through observable individual behaviors by describing the conditions of the studied objects. The focus of this research lies in the role of local government heads as those responsible for implementing the RT KEREN program (Program of Tetangga Keren), as stipulated in Blitar Mayor Regulation No. 6 of 2022 concerning the RT Keren Program. The findings reveal that transformational leadership of local government officials is a crucial element in ensuring the program operates optimally, sustainably, and delivers tangible impacts to the community. Transformational leadership strategically drives social, cultural, and governance changes at the grassroots level, namely the Neighborhood Unit (RT). One key indicator of transformational leadership is idealized influence, in which local leaders serve as role models of integrity, possess a clear vision, and inspire as well as motivate all stakeholders, including program implementers and the community within the RT. The contribution of this study is twofold. First, in the theoretical aspect, it enriches the academic discourse in public administration and public policy related to transformational leadership and provides additional references concerning the roles and responsibilities of civil servants. Second, in the practical aspect, it offers insights beneficial for other government agencies, particularly as a response to studies on transformational leadership at the local government level, and serves as a benchmark for similar research.

ABSTRACT
تهدف هذه الدراسة الى معرفة موقف القرآن من غيرة الزوجة من خلال سورة التحريم ،كون القرآن هو دستور المسلم و انه تناول مختلف القضاية المجتمعية التي من شأنها المحافظة على النسيج المجتمعي ، و بيان موقف الشرع من هذه الغيرة و كيف تم تقسيمها في الدين الاسلامي ،و بيان خطورة هذه الغيرة في حال بلغت حد المبالغة ، و كيف من شانها تهدد استقرار بيت الزوجية و استقرار الاسرة ، و معرفة النتائج و الأثار التي تترتب على هذه الغيرة ، و معرفة التدرج للحلول المطروحة في سورة التحريم ، وكيف ساهمت في الحفاظ على بيت النبوة و استقرار هذه العائلة الكريمة ، اذ ان الغيرة ممكن ان تتحول الى وسوسة و تحول بين الزوج و ما احله الله ، و التي ممكن ان تفضي بالزوجة الى ارتكاب محرمات قد تصل الى كبيرة من الكبائر ، و بيان الفرق بين غيرة الرجل و المرأة ، حيث ممكن ان تصبح غيرة الرجل خطر على الزوجة.

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the role of the Sebyar Tribal Chief in preserving local wisdom in Tomu Village, Tomu District, Teluk Bintuni Regency, West Papua Province, as well as to identify and analyze the supporting and inhibiting factors for the Sebyar Tribal Chief in carrying out his role in Tomu Village, Tomu District, Teluk Bintuni Regency, West Papua Province. The type of research used is qualitative. The focus of this research is the role of the tribal chief in local wisdom, viewed from the following aspects: as a policy maker, as a strategist, as a communication tool, as a dispute resolver, as a therapist, and the supporting and inhibiting factors for the Sebyar tribal chief in carrying out his role in Tomu Village, Tomu District, Teluk Bintuni Regency, West Papua Province, viewed from internal and external factors. The number of informants in this study was 10 people. Data collection techniques were conducted through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques included data collection, data condensation, and data validity. The study results indicate that internally, leadership strength, support from the indigenous community, and collective awareness are the main supporting factors. At the same time, infrastructure limitations, generational differences, and a lack of administrative and communication training are the main obstacles. From an external perspective, support from the local government and NGOs and global awareness of indigenous peoples' rights encourage the role of the tribal chief. However, inconsistent policies, lack of response from companies, and stigma against indigenous peoples pose challenges. Overall, these findings indicate that the success of implementing the role of the Sebyar Tribal Chief depends heavily on the synergy between the internal strengths of the indigenous community and consistent external support, as stipulated in the Teluk Bintuni Regency Regulation No. 1 of 2019.