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Introduction: The research was conducted to evaluate the health-related quality of life in individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Levy Mwanawasa University Teaching Hospital, located in Lusaka, Zambia. Diabetes mellitus has become a serious global public health concern with huge impact on human life and health expenditures (Khan et al., 2020). With many people affected, diabetes mellitus has an impact on individual’s functional capacities and quality of life, which leads to significant morbidity and mortality (Rantahal et al., 2015). Methodology: The research employed an analytical cross-sectional research design to assess the health-related quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes at Levy Mwanawasa University Teaching Hospital (LMUTH) in Lusaka, Zambia. It involved a comprehensive review of current knowledge and the gathering of primary sources to build a theoretical model based on existing evidence. The study sample consisted of 134 respondents, and data were collected using structured interview schedules. Simple random sampling method was used to select the study respondents, and a sampling frame was employed every day and randomly sampled some respondents. To assess and identify factors associated with health related quality of life in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed through SPSS version 23. The Odds Ratio with a 95% confidence interval was computed to determine the level of association. The variables with p-value less than 5%, in the multivariate analysis were considered as statistically associated, association between covariates and Health Related Quality of Life. Results: The findings revealed that a significant portion, 43.3%, of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at LMUTH reported a low quality of life. This low quality of life was found to be associated with various socio-demographic factors. Specifically, individuals who were not employed, lacked regular .....

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Introduction: Over the past decades, performance appraisal has been a part of the process of guiding and managing career development in the health care sectors. The feedback of performance appraisal may leave a great impact and satisfaction on employee and evaluators. However, there is little known about the effect of performance appraisal on improving the job satisfaction among nurses in Oman. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the relationship between performance appraisal and job satisfaction among nurses in Al Dakhliyah Governorate, Oman. Methods: the study used an explorative descriptive cross-sectional design using stratified random sampling of 309 nurses assigned in the 29 government healthcare institutions in Al Dakhliyah Governorate. A self-developed Performance Appraisal Questionnaire was used for data collection. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 was used to analyze and interpret the data. Results: the findings showed that more than 60% of the respondents believed that the reason to conduct performance appraisal was only to evaluate performance of employees without considering other factors such as job satisfaction, promotion, and motivation. Majority of respondent agreed that performance appraisal helps achieve meaningful career goals and promotes constructive criticism in a friendly and positive environment 70% and 67% respectively). In addition, many of the participants (69%) revealed that their work performance improved after the formal process of performance appraisal and 68% of them believed that performance appraisal would improve their job satisfaction and motivate them to perform their duties sincerely. Conclusion: Performance appraisal is a crucial aspect in human resource management that can directly affect the job satisfaction of nurses. Policy-decision makers in the Ministry of Health can develop clear guidelines and policies regarding performance appraisal, as well as strategies that improve job .........

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This study aims to analyze the factors that influence Burnout Syndrome in health workers at the Batakte Health Center, Kupang Regency. The method used is a quantitative research method with a cross sectional design. The sampling technique uses total sampling. The results showed that the results of the chi-square analysis showed no effect of age (p = 0.771), gender (p = 0.375), education (p = 1.000) on the incidence of burnout syndrome in health workers in the Working Area of the Batakte Health Center, Kupang Regency. There is an influence of marital status (p = 0.033), length of work (p = 0.002), workload (p = 0.001), social support (p = 0.002) on the incidence of burnout syndrome in health workers in the Working Area of the Batakte Health Center, Kupang Regency. Simultaneously, the variables of length of work (OR 6.352), workload (OR 6.647) and social support (OR 4.555) have an influence on the incidence of burnout syndrome in health workers in the Working Area of the Batakte Health Center, Kupang Regency. The workload variable is the most dominant variable that has an influence on the incidence of burnout syndrome in health workers with OR (7.163), p=0.000, CI=2.466-20.808. In conclusion, the factors that influence Burnout Syndrome in health workers are workload.

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Background: The contraceptives usage among pupils remains a topical issue globally, regionally and locally. Zambia is underpinned by Christian principles and values and despite that, the country continues to record high levels of unplanned pregnancies among pupils and this hampers the education of a girl child. The study has established that most pupils are sexually active and this puts them at a higher risk of getting unplanned pregnancies and consequently dropping out of School. Objective: The study aimed at investigating the “Factors Affecting Contraceptive Usage Among Pupils in Selected Secondary Schools within Chingola District, Zambia”. Methods and Materials: The study used a cross- sectional study design in which 52 pupils from Chingola and Sekela Secondary Schools were included in a study. The study employed semi-questionnaires and interview guides. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. Chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between independent and dependent variables. Conclusion: The study has revealed that pupils are at a higher risk of unplanned pregnancies as well as sexually transmitted diseases despite them having knowledge of contraceptives usage. The study has also indicated that 63.5% of pupils were aware of the existence of contraceptives and their functions as a means of prevention of pregnancies. Therefore, there is need of deliberate move by Ministry of Health through District Health offices to promote accessibility to various methods of contraceptives by pupils especially those in Secondary Schools who are sexually active.

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Background: A factor that contributes to the poor health of both the mother and the fetus is Anemia. Pregnant women must therefore receive prenatal care that includes the identification and management of Anemia properly. Case Presentation: This case report provides an analysis of the pregnancy circumstances of Mrs. R, a 22-year-old housewife from a middle-class socioeconomic background, who is anticipating her first child. From the pregnancy data obtained, Mrs. R experienced anemia, supported by supporting examinations of hemoglobin levels. The management provided included iron supplementation and the consumption of beetroot, which has been proven to be an effective food to increase hemoglobin levels. At 40 weeks of pregnancy with no signs of labor, it was recommended to engage in sexual intercourse to stimulate contractions and undergo oxytocin massage at 40 weeks and 4 days of pregnancy. The parturition process ultimately took place at 40 weeks 5 days of gestation, spontaneously. The total duration of the first stage of labor was 22 hours, the second stage was 2 hours, the third stage was 11 minutes, and the fourth stage was 2 hours. The baby was born spontaneously, cried loudly, weighed 3,600 grams, and showed a cranial deformity, specifically asymmetric head shape. There were no complications during labor and the postpartum period. Although Mrs. R is deeply committed to maintaining a healthy pregnancy, managing the Anemia that was detected in the early stages of the pregnancy presents a formidable challenge. Through her scrupulous observance of monthly prenatal examinations and regular administration of blood supplement tablets and additional multivitamins, Mrs. R effectively controlled her Anemia, thereby facilitating the successful culmination of the delivery procedure. Conclusion: Accurate evaluation of anemia during pregnancy is crucial for the proper treatment of anemia. In Indonesia, the effective treatment of severe anemia necessitates ......

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The meaning of stunting is not limited to children being shorter than their peers, where the meaning is more than that. Stunted children are prone to disease. Stunting children is a widely accepted predictor of poor quality of human resources, which in turn reduces a nation's productive capacity in the future. The aim of the research is to examine the structural model of the quality of life of stunted children using a partial least squares modeling approach in Kupang City to accelerate improving the quality of human resources. The research was designed cross-sectionally using a stratified sampling procedure, carried out using stratification and cluster techniques. Two sub-districts were randomly selected and obtained, namely Oesapa sub-district in the working area of the Oesapa Community Health Center representing the coastal ecosystem zone, and Sikumana sub-district in the Sikumana Community Health Center working area representing the plain ecosystem zone. In each ecosystem zone, 50 households were systematically selected that had stunted toddlers. Thus, as many as 100 stunting households were involved. The information data collected are: characteristics of the social ecosystem (environment), food security, mother's parenting patterns, housing environment sanitation, disease control efforts, nutritional intake, nutritional status, incidence of illness and quality of life for children under five. Data collection techniques were structured interviews, measurements, observations and group discussions. Data analysis using smartPLS-based structural equation modeling. The research results show that the quality of life of stunted children in Kupang City, both in the coastal ecosystem zone and the plain ecosystem zone is in normal status. Maternal parenting factors have a significant direct effect on improving the quality of life of stunted children with a large role reaching 45%; Meanwhile, social ecosystem (environmental) characteristics, food security and ..............

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Background: Blood transfusion is essential and the most common therapeutic use in which transfused blood and its elements to save a patient's life. However, transfusion recovers a patient's life, but it is not without risk. Blood transfusion is a critical and standard therapeutic procedure in which patients are given blood and its components to preserve their lives. Millions of patients want blood and blood merchandise transfusions worldwide. Blood infusions may be a very important want for a few patients; however, while not cautious, it may be a grievous intervention. It is calculated that in every 13000 cases of Blood infusions, one error happens mainly because of preventable human errors through applicable education and reform in insertion protocols. Objective: The aim was to assess the level of Nurses' Knowledge Regarding the Management of Blood Transfusion patients at 250 Bedded Mohammad Ali Hospital, Bogura. Methodology: This descriptive type of cross-sectional study design was used, and a 110-sample size that was a purposive sampling technique followed those who met the inclusion criteria to assess the Nurses' Knowledge Regarding the Management of Blood Transfusion. The study was conducted from July 2021 to December 2021. The instruments for data collection were a semi-structured questionnaire composed of two parts: Demographic variables and a nurses' knowledge-related questionnaire. The respondents were assured that confidentially and anonymity were strictly maintained. Results: The findings of the present study revealed that 12.73% had a high level of knowledge score, 47.27% had a moderate level of knowledge, and 40% had a low level of knowledge regarding blood transfusion. Conclusion: It is concluded that the study provided baseline information for the current situations of the selected hospital. Nurses play an integral role in blood transfusion. Also, nurses must have adequate knowledge of all transfusion processes to maintain patients' safety. ........