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Background: The estimated global adolescent birth rate has decreased, but the actual number of childbirths to adolescents continues to be high. Labour and delivery outcomes associated with adolescent pregnancy (AP) are useful tools for advocacy towards improving their health. Objective: Our aim was to study labour outcomes among adolescent girls at the central hospital of Yaoundé (CHY). Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study covering a period of 3 years from January 2022 to December 2024 at the CHY. SPSS version 23 was used for analysis. Pearson’s chi-square test and Student’s T test were used to compare proportions and means, respectively. Exposed and unexposed group characteristics were compared by calculating the Relative Risks (RR), together with the 95% confidence interval (CI). The level of significance was p < 5%. Results: We recorded 6,145 deliveries (7.3% in adolescent girls) and 69 birth-related deaths (11.6% in adolescents). Out of 270 complete files retained, comprising 92 adolescents (exposed) and 178 adults (unexposed). Adolescents had fewer antenatal contacts (58.7% attending <4 visits). The RR for maternal mortality in adolescents was 1.66 while preterm birth and low birthweight were more common in the same group. Conclusion: Adolescent pregnancy increases risks of adverse maternal and foetal outcomes. A factor associated to these poor outcomes is sub-optimal ANC attendance.

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Background: Traumatic hip dislocation management is a time-sensitive medical emergency that occurs in high-energy trauma. The optimal result is obtained if the dislocation is reduced within 6 hours post-injury. Types of dislocation in patients with traumatic hip dislocations attended at MOI are not known. The study aimed to determine the types, time interval between dislocation and reduction and management provided to patients with traumatic hip dislocation attended at MOI. Aim of the study: To determine the types and management of traumatic hip dislocation among patients attended at MOI from January 2016 to December 2018. Methods: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional retrospective study that was conducted at MOI for 6 months from September 2019 until March 2020. One hundred patients who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Data were collected using a data abstraction form. Types of dislocation and reduction maneuvers were obtained from patients’ files. Types of management provided were recorded as non-operative or operative management. Associated injuries were recorded by frequency and percentage. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 and presented as frequency and proportion. Results: A total of 100 patients with traumatic hip dislocation were recruited during the study period. The majority of study participants were males 85(85%). The mean age of patients was 36 ±12 years. Posterior dislocation of the hip was the most common injury 88(88%) while central dislocation of the hip was 7(7%) and anterior dislocation of the hip was 5(5%). Associated injuries were observed in 76(76%) of patients, acetabular fractures being the most frequent. The period between dislocation and reduction was less than 6 hours in 4(4%) of patients, between 6 and 12 hours in 21(21%), and over 12 hours in 75(75%). Over half of the patients 55(55%) were managed by a closed reduction for the traumatic dislocated hip and the rest were managed surgically. Conclusion: Th

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Background: Patients with opioid use disorder are at a higher cardiovascular risk due to the effect of opioids on the cardiovascular system. Cardiac conduction abnormalities, electrical activity impairment, cardiac arrhythmias and ventricular hypertrophy are reported in the opioid population. Aim: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with ECG abnormalities among adults with opioid use disorder attending at Itega addiction center for methadone assisted therapy [MAT]. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among adult outpatients attending Itega addiction center in Dodoma. A calculated sample size of 321was attained through convenience sampling approach. A standard 12-lead ECG was recorded for each participant and interpreted by two independent cardiologists. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression were computed to determine the factors associated with ECG abnormalities. Under adjusted analysis, a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant for factors associated with ECG abnormalities after controlling for all the variables with a minimum p-value of 0.2 at univariate analysis. Results: The majority 308 [95.95%] of the participants were males, 197 [61.37%] had attained primary educational level and the mean age of the participants was 35.44 ± 6.54 years. The overall prevalence for any ECG abnormalities in this study was 26.47%, Sinus bradycardia 59[18.4%] being the most observed ECG abnormality followed by QTc prolongation 27[8.41%]. A month's increase in the duration on MAT and being a female were significantly associated with lower odds of ECG abnormalities [AOR =0.85, 95% CI =0.74-0.96 p =0.014] and [AOR = 0.05, 95% CI = 0.01-0.59, p = 0.017] respectively. Conclusion: The high prevalence of ECG abnormalities implies high cardiovascular abnormalities among population with opioid use disorder. Given that majority of the ECG abnormalities are treatable, integrating cardiovascular in the population would

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Uterine rupture remains an obstetric complication associated with high maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological profile, clinical presentation, management, and outcomes of uterine rupture at the Essos Hospital Center in Yaoundé, Cameroon. We conducted a retrospective descriptive study over 10 years from January 2012 to December 2022 at the Essos Hospital Center, a tertiary referral facility in Yaoundé. Medical records of women diagnosed with uterine rupture were reviewed. Sociodemographic characteristics, obstetric history, labor profile, intraoperative findings, management modalities, and maternal and neonatal outcomes were analyzed using SPSS version 23. The study revealed 26 cases of uterine rupture among 29,573 deliveries. The mean maternal age was 33.65 ± 5.21 years. Most women were multiparous, and more than half had previous uterine surgery, mainly cesarean section. Half of the patients were referred from other facilities. Complete uterine rupture occurred in most cases and most frequently involved the uterine body. Hysterectomy was the most performed surgical procedure. Maternal complications were frequent, predominantly anemia. Maternal mortality was 11.5%, while perinatal mortality reached 65.4%. Bivariate analyses did not demonstrate statistically significant associations between maternal characteristics and neonatal death. Uterine rupture therefore remains a life-threatening obstetric emergency in our setting, associated with substantial maternal morbidity and extremely poor neonatal outcomes. Improved antenatal risk identification, close intrapartum monitoring, particularly among women with previous cesarean sections, and timely referral to facilities capable of providing comprehensive emergency obstetric care are essential to reduce its burden.