ABSTRACT
Multiple myeloma, a malignant hematologic disorder characterized by excessive monoclonal plasma cell proliferation in the bone marrow, is rare in individuals under 40, comprising less than 2% of cases. This report details a 27-year-old patient with left-sided lumbosciatica and clinical signs of lumbar and radicular syndrome at the S1 level. Imaging revealed multiple osteolytic lesions with perilesional sclerosis and abnormalities in the first sacral foramen. Biological findings included normochromic normocytic anemia, hypercalcemia, elevated sedimentation rate, monoclonal IgG Kappa, free Kappa light chains, hyperproteinemia, and hypoalbuminemia. A bone marrow biopsy confirmed 95% plasma cell infiltration. The patient underwent a VRD regimen and three cycles of D-VRD and is awaiting autologous stem cell transplantation. This case underscores the need to consider multiple myeloma in young patients, as failure to do so could delay critical diagnosis and treatment.

ABSTRACT
Artificial intelligence (AI) stands at the forefront of modern scientific innovation. It has revolutionized our understanding of the world around us and its effects on Zoology also called as animal science have been profound. With continued advancements in AI technology, new opportunities to explore the unknown will continue to arise offering us unprecedented insight into this fascinating field. AI technology offers immense potential for animal scientists to improve their work. Automated tracking and predictive analytics allow data analysis on an unprecedented scale, enabling greater insight into complex biological systems than ever before. This can lead to improved animal welfare through better resource optimization, as well as more informed decision making in conservation efforts. AI also helps to reduce the workload of researchers by automating mundane tasks that would otherwise take a long time to complete. The good news is that it’s unlikely that AI will completely replace animal scientists any time soon; however, certain roles within the field may become automated by technology over time. So while it’s important to pay attention to advances in AI technology, it’s also possible to use them for advantage and secure the place in the workforce of tomorrow. Moreover, this technology continues to evolve, so too will its impact on our lives and careers.

ABSTRACT
Ethiopia is the center of origin and has a varied genetic foundation for Arabica coffee, but there is still a lack of yield-competitive enhanced varieties, which is why the average productivity in the country is significantly lower than the global average. The average national productivity is quite low as a result. To find high-yielding coffee for commercial usage, it may be helpful to further assess the performance of the top-performing selections for growth and yield characteristics at the full bearing stage. Therefore, it is crucial to create pure line coffee types that are stable, disease resistant, and high yielding in order to close this gap and increase coffee productivity. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the genotypes of pure lines coffee for yield and yield components. In order to illustrate the growth and yield characteristics of eleven Arabica pure line coffee genotypes and three standard checks, the experiment was carried out at Awada, Leku, and Wonago. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was used to carry out the experiment between 2015 and 2020. Data were gathered on plant height, number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, length of the longest primary branch, number of main stem nodes, stem girth, internode length on the main stem, canopy diameter, number of nodes on longest primary, and yield per hectare. The findings showed that there were differences between the growth features. Total plant height (1.88–3.34 m), stem diameter (2.93–4.42 cm), canopy diameter (153.58–195.17 cm), number of main stem nodes (30.47–42.00), primary branch number (59.93–82.93), secondary branch number (12.97–37.80), average length of primary branches (92.50–116.10 cm), and number of nodes on longest primary (18.43–29.07) at Awada. Stem diameter (2.78–4.20 cm), canopy diameter (171.19–216.33 cm), number of main stem nodes (29.27–34.93), inter node length on the main stem (4.99–6.77 cm), number of primary ...

ABSTRACT
Thiaminase (EC 2.5.1.2) is an enzyme that cleaves thiamine into its pyrimidine and thiazole moieties resulting in thiamine deficiency in various organisms. It is classified into two main types: Thiaminase I and Thiaminase II defined by the nucleophile used in the mechanism by which the cleavage is accomplished. Thiaminase I employs a variety of nucleophiles including, amines and sulfhydryl compounds while thiaminase II exclusively uses water for hydrolysis of thiamine. The crystal structure of thiaminase I reveals a deep cleft that accommodates thiamine and highlighting important residues that assists in its breakdown. This process disrupts thiamine’s biological function leading to metabolic disturbances. Physiochemically, thiaminase exhibits specific properties that influence its activity, such as optimal pH of 4-8 and temperature ranges from 40-60◦c. Thiaminase is naturally found in various organisms including certain plants, bacteria and marine animals where it can act as an antinutrient. Consequently, thiaminase activity elicits life threatening conditions such as beriberi and Wernicke-korsakoff syndrome due to thiamine depletion. Furthermore, this can lead to significant neurological conditions, including ataxia and peripheral neuropathy. Interestingly, studies have suggested that native thiaminase and Polyethylene glycol-modified (PEGylated) thiaminase I enzyme may have potential applications in cancer therapy by impairing mitochrondrial respiration in cancer cells. This suggests that thiaminase may likely be a potential source of novel cancer chemotherapeutic agent via the impairment of DNA synthesis and energy metabolism in cancerous cells.

ABSTRACT
Vitamin D is a crucial hormone in phosphocalcium homeostasis. Although vitamin D intoxication is rare, its complications can be dramatic, affecting both the short-term vital prognosis and long-term renal function. We report here a case of hypercalcemia due to vitamin D intoxication, with the aim of analyzing the factors that contribute to vitamin D intoxication, assessing the consequences of this intoxication on the child's health, and proposing recommendations for appropriate management. The patient was a 6-year-old child with a history of common nutritional rickets for which he had been receiving vitamin D supplementation. The patient was admitted to the pediatric emergency department of Children's Hospital in Rabat for incoercible vomiting and acute dehydration. Biological assessment showed severe hypercalcemia at 150mg/l, hypercalciuria at 192 mg /24 hours. The serum level of 25(OH) vitamin D was greater than 154 ng/ml. The diagnosis retained was as hypercalcemia due to vitamin D intoxication, confirmed by an in-depth interview with the parents, who found a over administration of the recommended dose. The evolution was marked by chronic kidney disease due to nephrocalcinosis (creatinine clearance according to the SCHWARTZ formula 17 ml/min). Heterogeneity of the expression forms of vitamin D dosages and intake regimens leads to confusion and increases the risk of misuse, as in the case of our patient, where a misreading of the medical prescription led to the intentional ingestion of toxic doses, hence the need for close and adequate medical supervision and awareness of vitamin D supplement use among healthcare professionals and parents.

ABSTRACT
Background: Obesity has been recognized as an important risk factor for hyperuricemia although the exact mechanism is not well understood. The goal of this study is to evaluate serum uric acid levels in obese subjects. Methods: A total of 100 individuals with 50 obese patients and 50 healthy non-obese controls. Serum uric acid, total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL - C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL - C) and triglycerides (TGs) were measured. Serum uric acid was evaluated using uricase method. The serum TC was estimated using modified Liebermann – Burchard reaction. HDL – C estimation involved a two – staged procedure using Liebermann Burchard reaction, LDL – C was calculated using Friedwald’s equation while TGs were estimated using enzymatic methods on commercial kits. Results: In this study, serum uric acid levels were significantly higher in the obese group compared to healthy controls (510.0 + 72.5 Vs 320.0 + 34.2: p<0.001). Conclusion: Hyperuricemia has been observed in patients with obesity and therefore the need to screen all obese patients for serum uric acid levels.

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Acute myelomonocytic leukemia with an eosinophilic component (AML4Eo) is a particular and rare hematological entity, representing between 5% and 8% of all acute myeloid leukemias. The aim of our work is to highlight the clinical and cytogenetic epidemiological particularities of this pathology at the Hassan II University Hospital in FES. Patients and Methods: Retrospective descriptive study spread over 14 years (January 2009-January 2023) including all patients diagnosed with LAM4Eo.Myelogram reading as well as immunophenotyping by flow cytometry on Cytomic FC500 were performed at the central hematology laboratory and cytogenetics at the genetics laboratory CHU HASSAN II of FES. Clinical data were collected from patients' medical charts. Results: Thirteen patients were enrolled. The mean age at diagnosis was 20.4 years, with a predominance of males (54%) most patients presented with an altered general condition, signs of cytopenia and a tumor syndrome. All patients presented with profound anemia associated with thrombocytopenia and hyperleukocytosis. Blood smears showed the presence of peripheral blasts in 80% of cases. All medullograms met the morphological criteria established by the FAB (Franco-American-British) classification for the diagnosis of LAM4Eo.Cytochemical staining with myeloperoxidase was performed on all medullograms and was positive in all cases. Immunophenotyping was carried out in 56% of patients, showing the existence of very immature blasts expressing myeloblast and monoblast markers. Four of our patients underwent cytogenetic studies, with no translocation or inversion of chromosome 16. Three patients died immediately after diagnosis. The other patients were put on chemotherapy, two of whom died during treatment. Discussion/Conclusion: LAM4Eo is a rare hematological malignancy with a better prognosis than other myeloid leukemias. Despite the development of cytogenetics and molecular biology techniques, morphological examination ..