EAS Publisher | East African Scholars Journal of Medical Sciences

41 Downloads | March 6, 2025

ABSTRACT
Background: The most frequent type of cardiac abnormality in childhood is left-to-right shunting in acyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD). Delays in CHD care are caused by limited access to professional health services. Limited facilities, delayed diagnosis, and family economic factors all make it difficult to close the shunt in a timely manner, increasing the patient's risk of developing pulmonary hypertension. Objective: To determine the factors that influence pulmonary hypertension in pediatric patients with left to right shunting in acyanotic congenital heart diseases. Materials and Methods: This observational study was included children with acyanotic CHD left-to-right shunting who were admitted in the Department of Pediatric Cardiology in Bangladesh Shishu Hospital & Institute (BSHI), Dhaka, from 1st January to 31st December 2024. Total 140 patients aged between 1 month to 17 years with isolated atrial septal defect, or ventricular septal defect, or patent ductus arteriosus were included. Patients who had abnormalities that limited blood flow to the lungs, such as pulmonary stenosis, disorders that limited systemic blood flow such as aortic stenosis, aortic coarctation, mitral stenosis, as well as patients with rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, and infective endocarditis were excluded. Results: Younger children are more likely to develop pulmonary hypertension (p < 0.05). About four-fifth 55 (78.57%) of the participants had single congenital anomaly. Out of the remaining 6 (8.57%) children ASD e PDA was 4 (5.71%), ASD and VSD was 3 (4.29%), VSD e PDA was 3 (4.29%) respectively. Heart failure was substantially higher in the pulmonary hypertension group compared to the no pulmonary hypertension group (42.86% vs. 10%, p<0.001). The findings revealed that heart failure was a strong predictor of pulmonary hypertension, with a hazard ratio of 4.1. Conclusion: Patients with acyanotic CHD and heart failure who underwent left-to-right shunting have a four-...

Original Research Article

Effect of Oral Administration of Common Pepper Types on the Liver Enzymes of Wistar Rats Fed with High-fat Diet
Onyebuchi Obia, Furo Dawari Emmanuel
East African Scholars J Med Sci, 2025; 8(3): 92-95
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36349/easms.2025.v08i03.001

Abstract

30 Downloads | March 5, 2025

Original Research Article

Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Newly Diagnosed Prediabetes: Insights from a Cross-Sectional Study in Bangladesh
Mohaiminul Abedin, Salsa Bil Nahar, Tahseen Mahmood, Fazlul Hoque, Mohona Zaman, Mahmudul Hossain, Imrul-Hasan, Gazi Sazzad Hossain
East African Scholars J Med Sci, 2025; 8(2): 85-91
DOI: https://doi.org./10.36349/easms.2025.v08i02.007

Abstract

50 Downloads | Feb. 28, 2025

Original Research Article

From Awareness to Barriers of Reporting Prevalence and Forms of Gender Based Violence among Adolescents in Conflict Settings
Victoria Seun Ajibade, Tensaba Andes Akafa, Gloria Omonefe Oladele, Artu Ishishen John, Ocheifa Matthew Ngbede
East African Scholars J Med Sci, 2025; 8(2): 77-84
DOI: https://doi.org./10.36349/easms.2025.v08i02.006

Abstract

60 Downloads | Feb. 24, 2025

ABSTRACT
Background: The WHO highlights that barriers to reporting GBV include fear of stigma, lack of confidence in justice systems, and inadequate support service. Cultural norms and inadequate legal protections further hinder GBV reporting and support in this setting. Gender-based violence is a threat to public health and affects women and girls in different ways and forms. Women and girls around the world are often the targets — either directly or caught in the crossfire of inter-communal violence. They also bear the brunt of economic pressures through displacement, loss of livelihood, and property destruction, or the loss of household breadwinners because of the violence. This study delved from awareness to barriers of reporting prevalence and forms of gender based violence among adolescents in conflict settings of Southern Kaduna. Methodology: The research utilizes a cross-sectional design with simple random and convenient sampling technique among adolescents who were chosen from secondary schools, community, churches, mosques, and youth clubs at a particular time providing a snapshot of forms of gender-based violence among adolescents in conflict areas using Zangon-Kataf. Data were amassed via structured questionnaires, analyzed using SPSS. Results: Findings were presented through percentages in tables. Results revealed that a majority of adolescents or respondents reported having experienced GBV at some point in their lives. The findings of this study underscore that while a certain percentage of respondents reported not experiencing GBV in the past year, a significant proportion experienced it rarely, occasionally, or frequently. This suggests that GBV is an ongoing issue in the community, with many individuals experiencing repeated instances of violence. Furthermore, the study disclosed that the community was identified as the most frequent location for GBV incidents, followed by the workplace and home. In addition, physical violence was cited as the most ....

Original Research Article

Evaluating Testosterone and Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate (DHEA-S) as Biomarkers for Male Androgenetic Alopecia
Dr. Mohammad Abul Kalam Azzad, Dr. Syeda Fateha Noor, Dr. Silveeya Chowdhury, Dr. Mohammad Abu Naser
East African Scholars J Med Sci, 2025; 8(2): 71-76
DOI: https://doi.org./10.36349/easms.2025.v08i02.005

Abstract

47 Downloads | Feb. 22, 2025

ABSTRACT
Background: Androgenetic Alopecia (AGA) is a hereditary androgen-dependent disorder characterized by a gradual conversion of terminal hair into miniaturized hair with typical bitemporal recession and balding vertex and is considered the most common type of baldness characterized by progressive hair loss. Aims and objectives: This study evaluated the testosterone and Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate (DHEA-S) in males with androgenetic alopecia. Methods: This case control study was carried out in the department of Dermatology & Venereology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka during the period of January 2024 to December 2024. A total of 70 patients with androgenetic alopecia and without history of androgenetic alopecia were included in the study. The study had 35 male patients presenting with patterned hair loss were recruited as AGA group, whereas 35 had age and sex-matched with no evidence of hair loss were recruited as control group. Serum FSH, LH, prolactin, testosterone, SHBG, DHEA-S and free androgen index were estimated. Results: In this study, the mean age was 25.7±2.7 years in AGA group and 25.3±2.5 years in control group. The mean BMI was 26.6±2.5 kg/m2 in AGA group and 26.0±2.7 kg/m2 in control group. The difference were not statistically significant (p>0.05) between AGA and control groups. Mean serum LH (7.6±1.5 vs. 4.7±1.4 µIU/mL; P =0.001), serum prolactin (14.0±3.8 vs. 10.8±4.4 ng/ml; P =0.001), serum testosterone (6.5±1.9 vs. 5.2±2.0 ng/ml; P =0.005), DHEA-S (297.0±11.7 vs. 260.9±14.7 µg/dl) and free androgen index (72.5±30.8 vs. 49.2±27.1; P =0.001) are significantly increased in AGA group than control groups. The mean serum FSH (3.9±1.5 vs. 5.5±2.5 µIU/mL; P =0.002) and SHBG (23.4±6.2 vs. 29.2±9.6 nmol/l; P =0.004) are significantly decreased in AGA group than control groups. Conclusion: This study was concluded that serum LH, prolactin, serum testosterone, DHEA-S and free androgen index are increased whereas, serum FSH and ...

Original Research Article

Knowledge, Preventive Practices and Occurrence of Sexually Transmitted Infections among Female Undergraduate Students in North-Central Region of Nigeria
Onasoga, Olayinka A, Aluko Joel O, Olajide, Adetunmise O, SHITTU I.B. Halimah, Owolewa Babatunde S
East African Scholars J Med Sci, 2025; 8(2): 63-73
DOI: https://doi.org./10.36349/easms.2025.v08i02.004

Abstract

72 Downloads | Feb. 13, 2025

Original Research Article

Self-Efficacy of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis at RSUD Prof. Dr. W.Z. Johannes Kupang in 2024
Mariana Ikun RD Pareira, Maria Magdalena Dwi Wahyuni, Maria Prudensia L. Muga, Amanda Jelita Eka Riani Johannis
East African Scholars J Med Sci, 2025; 8(2): 55-62
DOI: https://doi.org./10.36349/easms.2025.v08i02.003

Abstract