Latest Articles
Original Research Article
Accuracy of Chest Xray in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients
Nasrin Ahmadinejad, Peyman Kamali Hakim, Fahimeh Zeinalkhani, Hadise Zeinalkhani, Hamed Abdolghafoorian, Zahra Ahmadinejad, Azam Farahani, Seyedahmad Seyed Alinaghi, Amirhasan Mohajeri, Hamid Rajabi,
EAS J Radiol Imaging Technol, 2024; 6(2): 11-15
DOI: 10.36349/easjrit.2024.v06i02.001
Abstract
PDF
FULL TEXT
E-PUB
49 Downloads | March 12, 2024
ABSTRACT
Introduction: At the end of the year 2019 a novel virus named SARS-CoV-2 caused Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19), manifesting as lung infection which can result in severe pneumonia. The gold standard for diagnosis of the virus is the detection of viral RNA through reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR). Materials and Methods: This study is a retrospective analysis of diagnostic yield of chest imaging modalities in the diagnosis of COVID-19 in patients admitted to the Imam Khomeini hospital, Tehran, Iran during march 2020 until July 2020. Results: 204 hospitalized patients with a mean age of 58.5 years, diagnosed with COVID-19 were enrolled in this study, who had their disease confirmed by PCR. About 20% of patients had normal O2 Saturation (above 93%) and 80% had low O2 Saturation. Also 70% of patients were hospitalized to the ICU. Among investigated patients, 87.6% had abnormal findings in their CXR. Also, 97.1% of patients had abnormal CT-Scan. In this study, the sensitivity of the CXR in the diagnosis of COVID-19 was 87.5% (CI 95%, 83 to 91) and the sensitivity of the chest CT-Scan was 97.1% (CI 95%, 94.8 to 99). Discussion: Utilizing CXR as a first-line imaging modality is recommended in many countries and clinical settings and chest CT-Scan is mainly reserved for other additional roles. This study reveals a CXR sensitivity of 87.5% which is in accordance with the recent literature (69-90%).
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Uterine arteriovenous malformations can either be congenital or acquired and are rare vascular disorders seen in women of child bearing age, with varied presentation. The clinical features range from being asymptomatic to life threatening haemorrhage. Imaging, particularly grey scale and color Doppler ultrasonography play a major role in the prompt diagnosis of this condition as the findings are useful when differentiating between the types as well as in planning the management of these patients. Objectives: To make a report of a rare case of arteriovenous malformation of the uterus in a young female patient with a review of relevant literature as well as to highlight the importance of Colour Doppler ultrasonography in the evaluation of uterine lesions. Case Presentation: The case is of a 36year old female patient with a 2 years history of amenorrhoea following multiple sessions of dilatation and curettage. She also had chemotherapy due to choriocarcinoma. Pregnancy test was negative. Pelvic ultrasound scan done showed multiple cystic tubular spaces that were hypervascular on colour Doppler interrogation. High velocities and low RI values were recorded. Conclusion: Uterine arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are important rare vascular disorders of the uterine vessels that need to be recognized early on imaging for appropriate management to be instituted.
Original Research Article
ABSTRACT
A 16-year-old male presented with abdominal pain over 12 months, that had acutely worsened over the 5 days pre-presentation. Preliminary outpatient investigations revealed thrombocytopaenia 90(platelets per microliter), and a pelvic spleen on abdominal ultrasound. Contrast enhanced CT of the abdomen and pelvis in the portal venous phase confirmed a pelvic spleen with torsion of the splenic hilum. The spleen appeared hypoechoic on ultrasound. On CT, the spleen had heterogeneous enhancement with some irregularly shaped regions of hypoenhancement. There was a swirl (at least two complete turns) in the splenic vascular pedicle in the left abdomen. The splenic artery demonstrated some enhancement, but no enhancement of the splenic vein. The pancreatic tail was also involved in the torted vascular pedicle. No pancreatic duct dilation, and no infarct of pancreatic parenchyma were found. A small amount of free fluid around the spleen was found with no free gas. The portal vein enhanced normally. Lack of convincing enhancement of the splenic vein and heterogenous appearance of the spleen were suspicious for early splenic ischaemia. Laparotomy revealed an engorged twisted spleen around its pedicles. The spleen was identified in the pelvis with a torted vascular pedicle, which was subsequently detorted and manipulated back into the left upper quadrant (LUQ), with a pre-peritoneal space formed in the LUQ, the spleen was inserted into this pocket.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Thyroid localization of breast cancer is rare and has a poor prognosis. Common metastatic sites of mammary carcinoma are pulmonary, hepatic and bone. Clinical diagnosis of thyroid metastasis from malignancy is difficult. We report a case of thyroid metastasis of mammary origin. We then discuss the diagnostic methods and their peculiarities in the identification of such lesions. Observation: This was a 47-year-old patient who underwent a left mastectomy with ipsilateral axillary lymph node dissection in 2014 and was presented 9 years later following the onset of a thyroid mass and right spinal lymphadenopathy. Cervical imaging revealed cervical lymphadenopathy of spinal site and nodular goiter classified as EU-TIRADS 4. A cytopuncture of the cervical lymphadenopathy and thyroid nodule is performed. Cytology revealed thyroid metastasis from mammary carcinoma and metastatic cervical lymphadenopathy. The patient underwent surgery (total thyroidectomy) confirming the diagnosis. Conclusion: The diagnosis of thyroid metastasis should be suspected in patients with a history of neoplasia prior to nodular goiter. The treatment for these metastases is that of primary cancer.
Case Report
Anorectal Malformations: Epidemiological, Clinical, Therapeutic and Evolutionary Aspects in the General Surgery Department of the Sominé DOLO Hospital of Mopti
Malle, K, Diaby, S, Maiga, A, Dembele, S, Coulibaly, B, Kone, M. C, Kone, O, Samake, B, Keita, M, Kanthe, D, Fomba, D
EAS J Radiol Imaging Technol, 2023; 5(6): 114-120
DOI: 10.36349/easjrit.2023.v05i06.002
Abstract
PDF
FULL TEXT
E-PUB
172 Downloads | Nov. 22, 2023
ABSTRACT
We conducted a retrospective and prospective study. In our study, we collected 35 cases of MAR, including 21 boys and 14 girls, over a period of 4 years, from January 2017 to December 2020. We recorded an average of 8.7 cases of ADR per year. They are more frequent in boys, with a sex ratio of 1.5. The majority of our patients came from the Mopti region and were of Dogon ethnicity. Most of the malformations were discovered by the parents, given that 54.3% of the mothers had given birth in a health centre and the malformed children were most often seen in a state of intestinal obstruction or sub-occlusion requiring an emergency colostomy. The diagnosis was made during the systematic examination of the newborn in the delivery room in 8.57% of our patients. Low forms were more frequent (48.6%). Invertograms were performed in 15 patients (42.9%). Abnormalities associated with MAR were dominated by spinal malformations in 4 cases (11.4%). In terms of treatment, the operative techniques used, in order of frequency, were: ASARP 8 cases (30.8%); Pena PSARP 15 cases (57.7%), YV Proctoplasty 2 cases (7.7%) and PENA PSARP plus MOLLARD AP 1 case (3.8%). Average follow-up was 12 months. Four (4) patients (15.4%) were lost to follow-up. Post-operative follow-up was favourable in 17 patients (65.4%); 4 cases of death and 1 case of anal stenosis.
Original Research Article
Comparison between the Old and New Philips Imaging System in the Cardiac Catheterization
Faleh ALQahtani, Majed Battah Alshammari, Turki Saleh Alduhaim, Najla Awadh Alanazi, Jaber Ali Alshehri, Fatimah Twaileh Almasoudi, Abdullah M. Alanazi, Ali Al Shahrani, Uttam Kopadre, Nawaf Al Harbi,
EAS J Radiol Imaging Technol, 2023; 5(6): 121-126
DOI: 10.36349/easjrit.2023.v05i06.003
Abstract
PDF
FULL TEXT
E-PUB
213 Downloads | Nov. 22, 2023
ABSTRACT
Background: X-ray systems in the cardiac catheterization laboratory are essential to helping and treating patients best. However, they come at the cost of harming the patients and health workers through unnecessary high exposure to radiation particles. Aim: The study aimed to evaluate and compare the effectiveness and the radiation doses of the recent Philips imaging systems Azurion Hybrid OR and the older Philips systems Allura Xper FD 10 and Allura clarity FD 10 in the cardiac catheterization laboratories. Method: A descriptive, comparative research design was utilized, 480 procedures were assessed retrospectively, and all met predetermined inclusion criteria from January 2014 until May 2023. Dose area product, Air Kerma, and Fluoroscopy time (Fluro time) were compared between the three Philips systems, which are Allura Xper FD10/10 R 7.2 and Allura Clarity FD10 R8.2 (old system) and Hybrid Azurion new Philips system. Result: Allura clarity FD 10 and Azurion Hybrid OR were superior to Allura Xper FD 10 in Dose Area Product and Air Kerma (p<0.5). However, fluro time was statistically non-significant among the systems. Conclusion: The latest X-ray imaging systems significantly manage Dose Area Product and Air Kerma levels during medical procedures. Employing these advanced technologies in a cardiac catheterization lab can yield optimal outcomes while minimizing radiation exposure for patients and healthcare personnel.
Original Research Article
ABSTRACT
Background: The international commission on radiation protection (ICRP) publican 135 recommends that Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs) should be tied to defined technical and patient parameters for the imaging task. Whereas for computed tomography (CT) examinations, DRLs are defined in terms of two established technical parameters namely, Volume-based Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDIvol) and Dose Length Product (DLP), a debate has ensued as to whether patient size, age and weight or clinical indication should be used as patient parameters. The objective of diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) is to assist in the optimisation of radiation dose to the patients while maintaining diagnostic image quality. It is generally accepted that each country requires having national DRLs to guide the practice of radiography regarding dose optimization as a prerequisite to good radiation protection practice. Objective: This review aimed to establish commonly used approaches to establishing national diagnostic reference levels for computed tomography. Methods: A systematic literature search in databases containing leading journals in radiography, radiology and medical physics was performed aided by the use of carefully selected search terms that relate to CT and DRLs. The literature search was achieved by the use of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) flow chart. A total of 109 studies were screened out of which 54 were excluded and 55 sought for retrieval. After further assessment for quality, 20 studies were included in this study for review. Key Findings: 95% of the studies in this review used CTDIvol and DLP as technical parameters indicating dose. 70% of the studies reviewed used patient size, age and weight while 30% used clinical indication as patient parameters. 30% of the reviewed articles did indicate that the surveys to establish NDRLs employed a retrospective approach, while 35% employed a prospective approach and 35% did ..