ABSTRACT
Microplastic contamination gain recognition in recent years. Microplastic is found within many parts of human tissue and thus provides potential health hazards. Although microplastic pollution ranges across the land, air, and water ecosystem, this review only exposes the existence of microplastic within the marine environment, which includes the marine territories of Kupang City, Indonesia, and its proximity. In this review, we assess any scientific literature related to microplastic issues in Kupang City. The purpose of this review article is to analyze and combine the results from the researchers who discuss the existence of microplastics and the characteristics of the microplastics studied in Kupang City. In order to achieve a comprehensive explanation, each aspect of expertise in previous research will be carried within a human health point of view. As a result, seven papers published in 2019 to 2022 referring to microplastic problems in Kupang City were found, proposing the presence of filament-shaped and black microplastics in almost all related studies.

ABSTRACT
The present study involved the biochemical characterization of four leafy vegetables (Basella alba. Hibiscus sabdariffa. Solanum macrocarpon and Lagenaria siceraria) selected and collected from two markets (Texaco and Thomas Sankara) and two market gardening sites (Jardins Talangaï and Nkombo) in the northern part of the city of Brazzaville, in Congo. The water content and pH of the selected leafy vegetables in the four sites were determined from the fresh material, while their protein, lipid, ash and mineral contents were established from the dry material using standard methods. The results reveal that the studied leafy vegetables have a very high-water content ranging from 84.49±0.36-94.63±0.68%, a pH ranging from 2.7±0.6 to 7.3±0.6, a lipid content ranging from 2.09±0.74 to 5.02±0.42%, a protein content within the range of 14.87±0.81% and 35.81±1.85%, and an ash content varying between 6.86±0.53 and 41.59±1.62%. Furthermore, these results show a high content of mineral elements, with values ranging from 3.94±0.95 to 83.57±3.7mg/100g, 920.01±0.45 to 4677.99±2.24mg/100, 101.25±1.02 to 372.80±1.56mg/100g, and 192.28±1.73 to 1452.57±4.71 mg/100g, respectively for iron, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium. In accordance to these results the studied leafy vegetables available and accessible, are rich sources of protein and micronutrients. Thus, their consumption in sufficient quantities could contribute to the improvement of nutritional status and an adequate protection against malnutrition-related diseases.

ABSTRACT
Background: Access to packaged foods is improving, but attitude and knowledge about the labels on packaged food are still low. Research Objective: Research Objective was to determine the correlation between consumer knowledge and attitudes about information on food labels for packaged foods in rural and urban areas in Timor Tengah Selatan (TTS) District. Method: Method is cross sectional. This research conducted from June - October 2021. Subjects were taken using the quota sampling. Total subjects 200 people. The inclusion criteria used; men or women who often buy packaged food at the kios selected as the research site, male or female (age 15–55 years), physically and mentally healthy, domiciled in the research area, and want to become Subjects. The Research Locations were in urban and rural. Data Collection used was a questionnaire.The questionnaire used has been tested for validity and reliability. Data Analysis: Frequency distribution is used in univariate to analysis subjects' demography, knowledge, and attitudes. Chi square test to analysis determine the correlation between consumer knowledge and attitudes about information on food labels. Results: 45.5% of consumers have less knowledge. Depending on live area, 33.5% in rural and 27.5% of urban have less knowledge. Attitudes about information on food labels for packaged foods of consumers 36% have enough attitude. Depending on live area, 54% in rural and 53% of urban have enough attitude. Chi square test there is acorelation between knowledge and attitude about information on food labels for packaged foods p = 0.00 <0.05. Conclusion: There is acorelation between knowledge and attitude about information on food labels for packaged foods.

ABSTRACT
The goal of this study was to confirm that the protein, micronutrient content, and energy value of specialized food products made from local foods meet international quality criteria for the management of mild acute malnutrition. These local specialized food products are already consumed in nutritional rehabilitation facilities in Côte d'Ivoire under the supervision of the NNP (National Nutrition Program). The NNP-recommended procedures were used to manufacture the replacement flour formulations. These flours' physicochemical and nutritional properties were assessed using established procedures. Protein levels ranged from 11.19 to 18.12 % in 100 g of dry matter, carbohydrates from 51.5 to 73.9 %, lipids from 9.66 to 23.86%, and energy value ranged from 427.36 to 493.33 Kcal/100g. These flours fulfill macronutrient content quality criteria and may thus cover the protein and energy demands of children aged 6 to 59 months with mild acute malnutrition. They are, however, deficient in calcium, sodium, zinc, vitamin A, and vitamin D, with calcium contents ranging from 27.38 to 70.58 mg/100g, sodium contents ranging from 4.6 to 28.13 mg/100g, zinc contents ranging from 0.76 to 1.13 mg/100g, vitamin A contents ranging from 11.07 to 78.63 mg/100g, and vitamin D contents ranging from 0.11 to 0.48 mg/100g.

ABSTRACT
In low-and middle-income nations, the double burden of malnutrition is a rising problem. It is unusual for an underweight child and an overweight mother to exist together in the same household because they both occupy a shared environment and have access to the same dietary patterns and habits. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictors associated with double burden of malnutrition among the child-mother pairs living in Kericho County. The research design employed was cross-sectional descriptive study. The target population was 346 comprising of a child- mother pairs within the six sub-counties within Kericho County. The research employed the multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method to obtain the target households. A pre-tested questionnaire collected data from socioeconomic demographic characteristics, nutrition status for mother (Body Mass Index,) child (BMI- Z-scores), food consumption and frequency. Data processing was done using Ms Excel, SPSS vs. 26.0 and Nutri survey 2005 software. Categorical variables were analyzed, while measures of central tendencies and dispersion were computed. The benchmark for the level of significance were at 0.05 alpha level (p<0.05. The results showed that majority of the respondents (57.6%) were between 36-49 years. The study findings also revealed that 18.9% of children were stunted, 11.5% wasted, 5.8% obese and 8.1% overweight. The study also found that 28.1% of mothers were overweight while 7.7% were obese and 16.9% were underweight. The variables: Weight of; mother’s age, weight and height, child’s age, gender and weight were significantly associated with double burden of malnutrition among child-mother pairs. The mother’s weight, height and age, the child’s weight, age and gender influences the nutritional outcomes which has an influence in controlling DBM. The study recommends that policy makers to review the Maternal, Infant and Young Child Feeding Nutrition (MIYCN) policy to take into consideration .....

ABSTRACT
For characterizing the nutritional quality of two honeys from Côte d'Ivoire, a collection of 18 samples from the cities of Kouto (North) and Touba (West) was carried out during three periods. A biochemical analysis of the honeys was performed then the glycemic index (GI) and load (GL) of two samples, one from each locality was determined. The results indicate that these honeys were rich in total sugars (77.28 g/100g DM) and in reducing sugars (71.21 g/100g DM). They contained calcium (12.85 mg/100g DM), magnesium (17.61 mg/100g DM) and phosphorus (13.47 mg/100g DM). On average, they had an ash content of 0.30 g/100g DM, a titratable acidity of 56.1 mEq/Kg with an acid pH equal to 3, polyphenol contents of 60.39 mg/100gDM and flavonoids of 5.83 mg/100g DM. Kouto honey (50.74) was lower GI food than Touba honey (57.20). Nevertheless, these two honeys carry high glycemic loads. Given their high sugar content, these honeys could be high-risk foods for overweight and diabetic populations.

ABSTRACT
Sea foods have been a very good source of nutrients to man. In this research, the nutritional value of three sea foods namely shrimps, oysters and periwinkles obtained from Brass Local Government Area, Bayelsa State were investigated. Vitamins were analyzed with HPLC, while the minerals were determined using AAS. From the findings, phosphorus is the most concentrated mineral in the three seafood studied, with significantly (p≥0.05) higher concentrations of 3112.860ppm±15.204, 2117.863ppm±22.625 and 2906.524ppm±31.850 in shrimp, oyster and periwinkle respectively. The least concentrated minerals were iron and zinc with values of 0.031ppm±0.000 and 0.043ppm±0.001 for Shrimp, 0.056ppm±0.002 and 0.112ppm±0.021 for oyster and 0.056ppm±0.005 and 0.026ppm±0.000 for periwinkle respectively. Despite the fact that oil exploitation activities in Bayelsa state results in pollution, Shrimps, oysters and periwinkles from the study still can still serve as sources of vitamins and minerals, hence, the findings of this study can be applied to future research on human nutrition.